Sebanyak 3321 item atau buku ditemukan

Central Bank Co-operation and International Liquidity in the Financial Crisis of 2008-9

The financial crisis that began in August 2007 has blurred the sharp distinction between monetary and financial stability. It has also led to a revival of practical central bank co-operation. This paper explains how things have changed. The main innovation in central bank cooperation during this crisis was the emergency provision of international liquidity through bilateral central bank swap facilities, which have evolved to form interconnected swap networks. We discuss the reasons for establishing swap facilities, relate the probability of a country receiving a swap line in a currency to a measure of currency-specific liquidity shortages based on the BIS international banking statistics, and find a significant relationship in the case of the US dollar, the euro, the yen and the Swiss franc. We also discuss the role and effectiveness of swap lines in relieving currency-specific liquidity shortages, the risks that central banks run in extending swap lines and the limitations to their utility in relieving liquidity pressures. We conclude that the credit crisis is likely to have a lasting effect on the international liquidity policies of governments and central banks.

Breakdowns for total cross - border liabilities minus claims of BIS reporting banks by currency vis- à - vis individual ... either for reasons of balance sheet management or just because of time zone differences ; and they may even ...

Self-management in Yugoslavia and the Developing World

Emerging Trends in Digital Era Through Educational Technology

The growth of the Internet, and in particular the World Wide Web, is already influencing the way science is taught and will undoubtedly do ... Why is the remarkably fast growing innovation of web-based education important to our world?

Scaling Educational Innovations

This volume stimulates critical discussions of the different variants of implementation, translation and scaling research approaches. It presents an integrated collection of different implementation and scaling studies that analyse the different facets of co-design, learning design, curriculum development, technology development, professional development and programme implementation. It also provides critical reflections on their impact and efficacies on transforming practices, informing policy-making, and theory derivation and improvement. The chapters in this volume will provide readers a deeper understanding of scaling of educational innovations in diverse socio-cultural contexts.

the digital era is problematized. Second, school-university-government (SUNG) partnerships, which funded the professional development effort, are presented and analyzed. Third, the Knowledge Building International Project is described ...

Realising Innovative Partnerships in Educational Research

Theories and Methodologies for Collaboration

Realising Innovative Partnerships in Educational Research examines the underlying principles and actions that support the development of and engagement in partnerships in educational research. With social justice at its core, the work in this book represents various architectures of innovation, whereby new ways of thinking about partnership research are proposed and practices of teaching and learning are reconciled (or not) with existing education contexts and practices. With contributions from educational researchers and practitioners from New Zealand, and international commentaries provided by established scholars in the field, the book draws together key experiences and insights from students, teachers, community members and researchers in tertiary, community, school, and early childhood settings. The research in this book seeks to address a gap in our understanding, extending knowledge beyond simply the benefits of partnership work, to examine how successful partnerships can be initiated, enacted, and sustained over time. This book invites reflection on the following provocations: Why engage in partnerships for educational research? How has this happened in the past and what needs to happen for the future? What is unique about the New Zealand context and what might researchers in other countries learn from our collaborative and culturally responsive research methodologies? What could be some of the underlying principles that support the development of and engagement in collaborative research? How do we evaluate the effectiveness of research partnerships in education to shift the focus to the future?

They relied on the agentic explorations of students working together to co-construct the new kinds of knowledge needed for innovation and creative solutions into the future. We suggest that in our current digital era, ...

Blended Learning: Educational Innovation for Personalized Learning

12th International Conference, ICBL 2019, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic, July 2–4, 2019, Proceedings

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Blended Learning, ICBL 2019, held in Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic, in July 2019. The 28 papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 80 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections named: personalized and adaptive learning; content development for blended learning; experience in blended learning; analytics and evaluation for blended learning; open educational resources; and pedagogical and psychological issues.

For example, imitation in primitive society, class teaching in the printing era, distance education in the electronic communication era, blended learning and personalized learning in the digital era. Whatever imprints of learning ...

ICSSIET CONGRESS 3st International Congress on Social Sciences, Innovation and Educational Technologies PROCEEDINGS BOOK

ICSSIET CONGRESS 3st International Congress on Social Sciences, Innovation and Educational Technologies PROCEEDINGS BOOK

All types of activities and activities of modern society are almost inseparable from the digital world. Today's humans are born until they die, from waking up to sleeping, it seems that it is inseparable from the concept of the Internet ...

Educational Research and Innovation Fostering Students' Creativity and Critical Thinking What it Means in School

What it Means in School

Creativity and critical thinking are key skills for complex, globalised and increasingly digitalised economies and societies. While teachers and education policy makers consider creativity and critical thinking as important learning goals, it is still unclear to many what it means to develop these skills in a school setting. To make it more visible and tangible to practitioners, the OECD worked with networks of schools and teachers in 11 countries to develop and trial a set of pedagogical resources that exemplify what it means to teach, learn and make progress in creativity and critical thinking in primary and secondary education.

While creativity and critical thinking are essential to the economy, they are a source of personal well-being for individuals as human beings enjoy challenging tasks – and a key ingredient of sound democracies in a digital era that ...