Sebanyak 1421 item atau buku ditemukan

International Cooperation in Dealing with International Crimes under International Criminal Law: The Case of the Khmer Rouge Tribunal

Research paper from the year 2009 in the subject Politics - International Politics - Topic: Peace and Conflict Studies, Security, grade: A, University for Peace (United Nations-mandated University for Peace), language: English, abstract: Traditional international law considered the sovereignty of state as the core principle and state cannot be interfered by other states or international community even though it is failed to protect its people. The modern international law developed when the Peace of Westphalia was signed in 1648. With this development, the principle of sovereignty of state has been gradually replaced with the principle of international community as every state more or less is dependent, particularly in terms of economics and politics, in order to survive in the world community. In this regard, each state came into agreement on trade, diplomacy and so on with the others. So each is bound by international law either treaty, customary international law, or other sources of international law. Regarding the international crimes under international criminal law such as genocide, crimes against humanity, and war crimes, most of the states more or less are bound by them, significantly under the 1948-Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, 1968-Convention on the Non-Applicability of Statutory Limitations to War Crimes and Crimes against Humanity, and the 2002-Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (ICC). Throughout the history, a number of genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes happened, but only were four ad hoc tribunals right away created to prosecute the criminals before the ICC came into being in 2002. Those are the 1945-Nuremberg Tribunal, the 1946- Tokyo Tribunal, the 1993-International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia, and the 1994-International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda. However, such a thing was not undertaken in Cambodia after the Khmer Rouge regime collapse in 1979. The Khmer Rouge Tribunal is selected to study because it is the only tribunal established very late after the carelessness of the international community and the prolonged and often acrimonious cooperation and negotiation between the Cambodian government and the UN, unlike the others. [...]

Research Paper (undergraduate) from the year 2009 in the subject Politics - International Politics - Topic: Peace and Conflict Studies, Security, grade: A, University for Peace (United Nations-mandated University for Peace), language: ...

Child Soldiers and the Defence of Duress under International Criminal Law

This book investigates the use of duress as a defence in international criminal law, specifically in cases of child soldiers. The prosecution of children for international crimes often only focuses on whether children can and should be prosecuted under international law. However, it is rarely considered what would happen to these children at the trial stage. This work offers a nuanced approach towards international prosecution and considers how children could be implicated and defended in international courts. This study will be of interest to academics and practitioners working in international criminal law, transitional justice and children’s rights.

This book investigates the use of duress as a defence in international criminal law, specifically in cases of child soldiers.

A Brief History of International Criminal Law and International Criminal Court

This book offers a historical presentation of how international criminal law has evolved from a national setting to embodying a truly international outlook. As a growing part of international law this is an area that has attracted growing attention as a result of the mass atrocities and heinous crimes committed in different parts of the world. Çakmak pays particular attention to how the first permanent international criminal court was created and goes on to show how solutions developed to address international crimes have remained inadequate and failed to restore justice. Calling for a truly global approach as the only real solution to dealing with the most severe international crimes, this text will be of great interest to scholars of criminal justice, political science, and international relations.

This book offers a historical presentation of how international criminal law has evolved from a national setting to embodying a truly international outlook.

Teori dan Perilaku Organisasi

Akselerasi perkembangannya berubah semakin cepat dalam “contact” dimensi waktu, dengan situasi yang dinamis dalam persaingan global, sehingga membutuhkan inovasi terus menerus pada pola manajemen organisasi yang tepat untuk beradaptasi dan memenangkan persaingan dalam lingkungan yang terus semakin cepat perkembangannya. Semua organisasi terus mendapatkan tekanan untuk dapat melayani kebutuhan konsumen lebih baik dan memproduksi barang dengan kualitas terbaik dengan SDM yang baik.

Komunikasi adalah proses dengan mana informasi dan arti atau makna ditransfer dari sender kepada receiver. Kebanyakan pekerjaan yang dilakukan dalam suatu tim diselesaikan secara interdependent, saling bergantung dan menyangkut ...

Systems Approach to Management of Disasters

Methods and Applications

The main goal of this text is to introduce the systems approach to disasters management community as an alternative approach that can provide support for interdisciplinary activities involved in the management of disasters. The systems approach draws on the fields of operations research and economics to create skills in solving complex management problems. The text is organized into four parts. Part I provides an introductory discussion of disaster management including an overview of the main terms used. Part II is devoted to the introduction of systems theory, mathematical formalization and classification of methods. The material presented in this section should be of practical relevance during the process of selecting an appropriate tool for the solution of a problem. Part III is technical in nature, providing a simulation approach and a detailed description of system dynamics simulation. This section details two areas of application: flood evacuation simulation, and disaster risk assessment. Part IV ends with a chapter covering steps to improve disaster management. Finally parts of the book can be used as a tool for specialized short courses for practitioners. For example a course on 'System analysis for emergency management optimization' could be based on Chapters 3, 4 and parts of Chapter 6. Included in the book is a CD with three computer programs Vensim PLE, LINPRO, and COMPRO. Vensim PLE (Personal Learning Edition) is state-of-the-art simulation software used for the implementation of system dynamics simulation. The other two programs are: LINPRO, a linear programming optimization tool; and COMPRO, for the implementation of the multi-objective analysis tool of compromise programming.

The aim of this book is directly related to the current state of systems thinking as an approach within the social and ... The process of reflection unlocks theory from practice in one field, brings to the surface insights gained from ...

Handbook of Electronic Waste Management

International Best Practices and Case Studies

Handbook of Electronic Waste Management: International Best Practices and Case Studies begin with a brief summary of the environmental challenges associated with the approaches used in international e-waste handling. The book's authors offer a detailed presentation of e-waste handling methods that also includes examples to further demonstrate how they work in the real world. This is followed by data that reveals the geographies of e-waste flows at global, national and subnational levels. Users will find this resource to be a detailed presentation of e-waste estimation methods that also addresses both the handling of e-waste and their hazardous effect on the surrounding environment. Includes case studies to illustrate the implementation of innovative e-waste treatment technologies Provides methods for designing and managing e-waste management networks in accordance with regulations, fulfilment obligations and process efficiency Reference guide for adapting traditional waste management methods and handling practices to the handling and storage of electronic waste until disposal Provides e-waste handling solutions for both urban and rural perspectives

19.1.2 The systems approach and sustainability As stated in Kveselis et al. ... Systems science can be defined as the scientific exploration and theory of systems in various sciences such as biology, sociology, and economics (Klir, ...

Manajemen Pelayanan Publik

Buku ini secara lengkap membahas 6 (enam) bab terkait manajemen pelayanan publik. Bab pertama, Konsep Dasar Manajemen Pelayanan Publik meliputi konsep dan teori manajemen institusi publik; lingkup, corak, dimensi dan kualitas pelayanan publik; serta pelayanan sektor publik dan privat. Bab kedua, Kajian Normatif Implementasi Kebijakan Pelayanan Publik di Indonesia meliputi maksud, tujuan, asas, dan ruang lingkup; pembina, organisasi penyelenggara, dan penataan; hak, kewajiban, dan larangan penyelenggara; penyelenggaraan; dan peran serta masyarakat, penyelesaian pengaduan, serta ketentuan sanksi dalam pelayanan publik. Bab ketiga, Isu dan Inovasi Manajemen Pelayanan Publik meliputi isu dan potret buram; tantangan manajemen; arti penting inovasi; beberapa pengalaman praktik baik inovasi; dan roadmap pedoman inovasi pelayanan publik. Bab keempat, Kunci Sukses Manajemen Pelayanan Publik meliputi pengelolaan SDM; pengawasan; etika dan profesionalisme; serta teknologi dan informasi pelayanan publik. Bab kelima, Pelayanan Administrasi Kependudukan meliputi arti penting pelayanan, kewenangan penyelenggara, instansi pelaksana dan sistem informasi administrasi kependudukan; hak dan kewajiban serta pelayanan pendaftaran penduduk; pencatatan sipil, data dan dokumen. Bab keenam, Pelayanan Prima dan Standar Pelayanan Minimal Daerah meliputi prinsip pelayanan prima serta penetapan dan jenis SPM daerah; SPM daerah bidang pendidikan, kesehatan, pekerjaan umum dan perumahan rakyat, ketenteraman, ketertiban umum, dan perlindungan masyarakat, sosial; serta pelaporan, pembinaan dan pengawasan SPM daerah.

swasta, organisasi pemerintah bekerja dengan tidak dipengaruhi langsung oleh dimensi pola hubungan the costumer and the ... Tujuannya adalah bahwa manajer dan pegawai organisasi publik berbagi beberapa dilema mereka dengan masyarakat, ...

Handbook of Research on Modernization and Accountability in Public Sector Management

The effects of recent economic and financial crises have reached an international scale. A number of different nations have experienced the fallout of these events, calling into question issues of accountability and reform in public management. The Handbook of Research on Modernization and Accountability in Public Sector Management is an essential scholarly publication that focuses on responsibility within public sector institutions and the importance of these institutions being ethical, transparent, and rigorous. Featuring coverage on a broad range of topics, such as corporate social responsibility, e-government, and financial accountability, this publication is geared toward regulatory authorities, researchers, managers, and professionals working in the public domain.

Australian Journal of Public Administration, 56(1), 25–36. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8500.1997.tb01238.x Neu, D. (2000). Accounting and accountability relations: Colonization, genocide and Canada's first nations.

The Practice of Government Public Relations

In addition to traditional management tools, government administrators require a fundamental understanding of the tools available to address the ever-changing context of government communications. Examining the ins and outs of the regulations influencing public information, The Practice of Government Public Relations unveils novel ways to integrate cutting-edge technologies—including Web 2.0 and rapidly emerging social media—to craft and maintain a positive public image. Expert practitioners with extensive government communications experience address key topics of interest and provide an up-to-date overview of best practices. They examine the specifics of government public relations and detail a hands-on approach for the planning, implementation, and evaluation of the wide-ranging aspects of government public relations—including how to respond during a crisis.In addition to the tools provided on the accompanying downloadable resources, most chapters include a Best Practice Checklist to help you successfully utilize the communication strategies outlined in the book. Focusing on the roles of government managers enacting policies adopted by elected officials and politicians, this book is ideal for program managers seeking innovative and inexpensive ways to accomplish their programs’ missions. While no manager can be an expert in all aspects of public administration, this book helps you understand the external communications tools available to advance the mission and results of your agency.

While no manager can be an expert in all aspects of public administration, this book helps you understand the external communications tools available to advance the mission and results of your agency.

The Oxford Handbook of Public Management

The public sector continues to play a strategic role across the world and in the last thirty years there have been major shifts in approaches to its management. This text identifies the trends in public management and the effects these have had, as well as providing a broad overview to each topic.

Market-based accountability will then take the place of administrative accountability. Others suggest that the trend towards reinventing government will eventually lead to a reinvention of public accountability relations for private ...