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Risk Management in Islamic Banking

A Case Study in Lebanon

Islamic finance is emerging as a rapidly growing part of the financial sector in the Islamic and recently in non-Islamic countries. Risk management is a crucial element in Islamic banking due to the nature of its operations. This paper stud ies the risk management system of the Islamic banks operating in Lebanon. Partic ularly, a survey was conducted to assess the status of all Islamic banks in Leba non. A statistical approach was followed to evaluate the degree of adoption of t he recommendations set by the Islamic Financial Services Board (IFSB) and the Ba sel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS). Those recommendations include the princ iples related to the responsibilities of the board of directors in formulating a clear and comprehensive risk management strategy. They also tackle the tools us ed by these banks to identify, monitor, control, and mitigate the main types of risks. The data collected showed that the degree of adoption of these principles varies from one bank to another; however, in general, the Islamic banking indus try in Lebanon lacks important regulations and procedures related to risk manage ment.

Islamic finance is emerging as a rapidly growing part of the financial sector in the Islamic and recently in non-Islamic countries. Risk management is a crucial element in Islamic banking due to the nature of its operations.

The Developing Role of Islamic Banking and Finance

From Local to Global Perspectives

This volume highlights a vital developmental stage of Islamic Banking and Finance, focusing on regulatory aspects, regional case studies and International Financial Crisis impacts. It aims to help decision makers identify key factors for the real, sustained development of the Islamic Banking System, nationally, regionally and internationally.

This volume highlights a vital developmental stage of Islamic Banking and Finance, focusing on regulatory aspects, regional case studies and International Financial Crisis impacts.

Islamic Banking in Practice - Volume 2

Sukuk - Structuring, Pricing and Risk Management

This is how Islamic Banking really works ​ In a sector where publications focus on theory, the Islamic Banking in Practice series concentrates solely on market practice. ​ The evolution of principles into practice is explained clearly and concisely. Sukuk ​ Sukuks, sometimes referred to as the Islamic version of bonds, are one the most visible products in islamic banking and finance, and with a global reach. ​ This volume will explain why Sukuks were created, and how they work. The different structures of Sukuk will be explained, and reinforced through detailed analysis of market transactions. ​ Areas covered include Issuance process Pricing Asset injection Risk management Shariah compliance Chapter headings include Common Sukuk structures Ijara, Musharakah, Mudarabah, Wakala, Murabaha Project finance Perpetual Equity linked / Exchangeable Hybrid Shariah compliance AAOIFI developments Credit rating Defaults The issue of a "True Sale"

This is how Islamic Banking really works ​ In a sector where publications focus on theory, the Islamic Banking in Practice series concentrates solely on market practice. ​ The evolution of principles into practice is explained clearly ...

Islamic Banking and Finance in the European Union

A Challenge

As an introduction to the complex issue of harmonization of legal and regulatory structure of the European financial system and Islamic finance, this is a useful and welcome volume. The ideas, insights and practical issues addressed in the informed papers that compose the book should be valuable for academics and students of finance, and to those who provide legal and financial services. The book will be helpful also to European regulators who have yet to appreciate the importance of Islamic finance and its potential contribution to financial globalization as well as to European economic growth. Abbas Mirakhor, Former Executive Director, International Monetary Fund, US This timely book examines the authorization of Shari ah-compliant intermediaries as either credit institutions or as investment companies in the European Union. The contributing authors explore the key topics of this area through differing yet parallel perspectives for example, comparing economic and legal standpoints, looking at both European and national levels and considering both academic and technical approaches. The book discusses the common origin of Islamic and Western traditions in commercial and banking transactions, reviewing a period in which the Italian merchants and their organizations drove the rebirth of post-medieval society in trade and law. The editors investigate whether the Islamic banking and financial model complies with the European framework, spelling out the different experiences in single Member States (Germany, France, Italy, and the United Kingdom). Notwithstanding the obstacles to being authorized as domestic credit institutions, they conclude that the access of Islamic intermediaries is suitable and may have positive effects on European integration, as well as increasing the competition among the stand-still operators and evoking the ethical dimension of banking and finance. The book also highlights how Islamic banking would make the industry more inclusive. This multidisciplinary book will appeal greatly to economics and legal scholars with an interest in European and international banking and financial law, as well as postgraduate students in international law and banking law. Practitioners and regulators will also find this book an invaluable resource.

As an introduction to the complex issue of harmonization of legal and regulatory structure of the European financial system and Islamic finance, this is a useful and welcome volume.

Critical Issues on Islamic Banking and Financial Markets

To the layman who wishes to understand modern Islamic financial transactions, this book will prove friendly and helpful. It provides the underlying principles of Shariah financial instruments and presented them in actual and practical form. Since 1983, Malaysia has been making significant inroads into the Islamic financials landscape. Today Islamic financial transactions have made their presence felt in almost all financial institutions including banks, unit trusts, insurance, discount houses, fund management, factoring, pawn broking and project financing. And with more than USD200 billion Islamic funds available in global finance today, it is logical that the business of Islamic banking, insurance and fund management is fast expanding and encroaching into non-traditional financing. As the Holy Quran enjoins profit creation via trading and commercial transactions (al-bay’) while forbidding profit earned from loans (riba), increasing Islamic consciousness among the Muslims today has opened up new business opportunities in Islamic finance, financial planning and wealth management. The Shariah not only condone interest as riba, but prohibits elements of gambling (maisir) in financial transactions. Ambiguities (gharar) in contractual agreements must be avoided at all cost while companies seeking Islamic capital must not engage with prohibited goods such as alcoholic beverages, pork and pornographic material. But current practices although unintentionally seem to out focus the real Quranic agenda for wealth creation and management. The Quranic alternative to riba is trade and commerce (al-bay’). The essence of trade and commerce is profit creation that implicates risk-taking (ghorm) and value-addition (kasb). Doing so promotes fairness and equitable transactions (‘adl) and thus putting ethics and morality (akhlak) into the limelight of corporate business today. This book has attempted to venture into several issues of Islamic finance that incorporates the Quranic conception of trading and commerce (al-bay’). Profit created from financial instruments devoid of risk-taking (ghorm) and value addition (kasb) does not fit into the Quran’s outlook of al-bay’. It critically examines current Islamic financial products offered by banks, mutual funds and insurance companies and help guide prospective customers to understand the underlying Shariah principles on which these products are structured. Products ranging from bank deposits/assets and capital market instruments are discussed based on prevailing practical experience in Malaysia as well as other Muslim countries. Divergent Shariah opinions on sale-buyback (bay’ al-’inah) and debt trading (bay’al-dayn) are discussed with good intentions to harmonize global Islamic financial transactions. Of most significant is the push for equity financing (musyarakah/mudarabah) in the banking business with proper application of salam and istisna’ contract as well. Widespread use of murabahah and al-bai-bithaman ajil (credit sale) contracts in Islamic finance is a worrying trend. This book tries to explore the place of Islamic financial contracts in modern financial markets, whether Islamic financial instruments actually reflect true label. Implication of trading (al-bay’) is expected to invite venture capital application in Islamic banking and rationalizes universal banking model for Islamic banks. This book serves to guide banking customers, practitioners and investors over the range of Shariah products available in Malaysia’s financial market and help impress how these products can impact their earnings and business.

To the layman who wishes to understand modern Islamic financial transactions, this book will prove friendly and helpful.

Monetary Policy in the Presence of Islamic Banking

This paper discusses key issues related to the conduct of monetary policy in countries that have Islamic banks. It describes the macrofinancial background and monetary policy frameworks where Islamic banks typically operate, and discusses the monetary transmission mechanism in economies where Islamic and conventional banking coexist. Most economies with Islamic banks also have conventional banks and this calls for a comprehensive approach to monetary policy. At the same time, a dual approach to monetary policy should be considered whenever the Islamic segment of the financial system is not as developed as the conventional one. The paper tries to shed light on potential spillovers between conventional and Islamic financial systems, and proposes specific recommendations on the design of Islamic monetary policy operations and for facilitating monetary transmission through the Islamic financial system.

This paper discusses key issues related to the conduct of monetary policy in countries that have Islamic banks.

Impact of Global Financial Crises on the Islamic Banking System

Analysis of Islamic Financial System During Financial Crunch 2008 \\ Oman Chapter of Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review .- 2012, Vol. 1, No. 9

Liquidity and Risk Analysis of Islamic Banking System During Global Financial Crises

Liquidity and Risk Analysis of Islamic Financial System During Financial Crunch 2008 \\ Kuwait Chapter of Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review .- 2012, Vol. 1, No. 8

Monetary Operations and Islamic Banking in the GCC

Challenges and Options

The assessment provides evidence of market segmentation across Islamic and conventional banks in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), leading to excess liquidity, and an uneven playing field for Islamic banks that might affect their growth. Liquidiy management has been a long-standing concern in the global Islamic finance industry as there is a general lack of Shari’ah compliant instruments than can serve as high-quality short-term liquid assets. The degree of segmentation and bank behavior varies across countries depending on Shari’ah permissibility and the availability of Shari’ah-compliant instruments. A partial response would be to support efforts to build Islamic liquid interbank and money markets, which are crucial for monetary policy transmission through the Islamic financial system.This can be achieved, to a large extent, by deepening Islamic government securities and developing Shari’ah-compliant money market instruments.

The assessment provides evidence of market segmentation across Islamic and conventional banks in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), leading to excess liquidity, and an uneven playing field for Islamic banks that might affect their growth.

Financial Risk Management for Islamic Banking and Finance

Financial institutions are increasingly providing Islamic financial contracts in global markets. As a result of this market growth there is a high demand to understand how to assess and manage the risks arising from applying Islamic financial products and services. Credit, operational, market and liquidity risks together with the risk of non compliance with the Shariah law are becoming very hot issues for financial institutions. This book presents a common framework on how to efficiently manage the risks faced.

This book presents a common framework on how to efficiently manage the risks faced.