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Medieval Islamic Pragmatics

Sunni Legal Theorists' Models of Textual Communication

This book deals with two different pragmatic approaches to textual communication: (i) the mainstream approach followed by the 'Ash'ari s, Hanafi s and Mu'tazili s, (ii) the salafite approach followed mainly by the Hanbali s, defended and elaborated by Ibn Taymiyyah. One of the primary aims of the book is to explore and formulate several Muslim legal theorists' pragmatic theories, communicative principles and linguistic views, construct them in the form of models and set them within a general uniform framework. Another aim is to reveal a corpus of information and data which, though highly relevant to modern pragmatics, is still unknown. This study, which can be seen as an extensive introduction to 'medieval Islamic pragmatics', is the first attempt to examine the approaches followed by the Salafi s or the mainstream from a pragmatic viewpoint. There has been no attempt to explain the principles and the strategies utilised by the medieval Sunni Muslim legal theorists in their account of how communication works and how successful interpretation is achieved. Of course, a lot of work has been done on different Islamic sects and their different positions over the interpretation of the Quran and Sunnah, but these studies fall short of delving into the underlying communicative principles that motivate their differences over interpretation. The author's formulation of the Muslim legal theorists' views is enhanced by setting up a reliable theoretical foundation and by delving into their underlying philosophical principles. This involves relating the legal theorists' insights into interpretation and communication to their relevant ontological, epistemological and theological outlooks, and comparing these insights with their modern pragmatic counterparts.

This book deals with two different pragmatic approaches to textual communication: (i) the mainstream approach followed by the 'Ash'ari s, Hanafi s and Mu'tazili s, (ii) the salafite approach followed mainly by the Hanbali s, defended and ...

Educational Research and Innovation Educating 21st Century Children Emotional Well-being in the Digital Age

Emotional Well-being in the Digital Age

This report examines modern childhood, looking specifically at the intersection between emotional well-being and new technologies. It explores how parenting and friendships have changed in the digital age. It examines children as digital citizens, and how best to take advantage of online opportunities while minimising the risks. The volume ends with a look at how to foster digital literacy and resilience, highlighting the role of partnerships, policy and protection.

Emotional Well-being in the Digital Age OECD Burns Tracey, Gottschalk Francesca ... [21] OECD (2016), Policy Brief on the Future of Work: Skills for a Digital World, www.oecd.org/els/emp/Skills-for-a-Digital-World.pdf.

Membayar Zakat Fitrah dengan Uang Bolehkah?

Di masa Rasulullah SAW zakat fitri dibayarkan pada akhir bulan Ramadhan berupa makanan dengan maksud memberi makan orang-orang miskin agar mereka tidak disibukkan mencari makanan/nafkah di hari raya. Dengan demikian, orang miskin diharapkan bisa bergembira bersama-sama orang yang tidak miskin karena kebutuhan makanannya sudah diamankan menjelang datangnya hari raya. Namun, dalam perkembangan selanjutnya, muncul ide untuk membayar zakat fitri dengan uang karena uang dianggap lebih bermanfaat bagi orang miskin, mengingat kebutuhan orang miskin pada hari raya tidak hanya makanan tetapi juga pakaian, bahkan mungkin juga di zaman sekarang menjangkau kebutuhan membayar listrik, kontrak rumah, sekolah anak, dan lain-lain. Para ulama memberikan fatwa yang berbeda-beda. Ada yang membolehkan membayar zakat fitri dengan uang, ada pula yang melarangnya. Setiap datang Ramadhan, masalah ini selalu berulang. Pertanyaan seputar keabsahan membayar dengan uang selalu ada. Kendati dijelaskan berulang kali, tetap saja selalu muncul pertanyaan itu tiap tahun. Ada yang sudah paham bahwa masalah ini adalah persoalan khilafiyyah, sehingga lebih bisa bersikap bijak dan tidak terlalu membesar-besarkannya. Ada pula yang tidak paham sehingga berakibat menuduh secara semena-mena pendapat yang berbeda. Buku ini berusaha menyajikan masalah tersebut dalam perspektif perbandingan fikih dengan harapan kaum muslimin lebih bisa memahami masalahnya, selanjutnya bisa memberikan sikap yang proporsional terhadap khilafiyyah tersebut.

Di masa Rasulullah SAW zakat fitri dibayarkan pada akhir bulan Ramadhan berupa makanan dengan maksud memberi makan orang-orang miskin agar mereka tidak disibukkan mencari makanan/nafkah di hari raya.

Desentralisasi tata kelola hutan : politik, ekonomi dan perjuangan untuk menguasai hutan di Kalimantan, Indonesia

Fatwa Imam Besar Masjid Istiqlal

On Islamic rulings of imam besar Masjid Istiqlal; questions and answers.

Dewan Syariah Nasional ( DSN ) Majelis Ulama Indonesia ( MUI ) pada 8 Sya'ban 1424 H / 4 Oktober 2003 telah mengeluarkan fatwa tentang Pasar Modal dan Pedoman Umum Penerapan Prinsip Syariah di bidang pasar modal .

Lying, Cheating, and Stealing

A Moral Theory of White-collar Crime

Where should the line between serious criminal fraud and lawful 'puffing' be drawn? What constitutes tax evasion beyond mere 'tax avoidance'? What separates obstruction of justice from 'zealous advocacy', or insider trading from 'savvy investing'? Can we meaningfully distinguish bribery from 'campaign contributions', or perjury from 'wiliness' on the witness stand? A look at some of the most high profile white collar crime cases in recent history will quickly reveal that there can sometimes be a fine line between serious fraudulent conduct and behaviour which, though it might be shrewd, crafty, or even devious, is not ultimately criminal. According to the traditional conception of the criminal law, penal sanctions should be used as a 'last resort', applicable only to conduct that is truly and unambiguously blameworthy. White-collar crime poses a serious challenge to this traditional view. This is the first book to use the tools of moral and legal theory as a meansto examine a range of specific white-collar offenses, aiming to develop and apply a methodology that will allow us to make meaningful distinctions between genuine white collar criminality and merely aggressive business behavior. Particular attention is paid to the concept of moral wrongfulness, which is described in terms of violations of a range of familiar, but nevertheless powerful, moral norms that inform and shape the leading white-collar criminal offenses - norms against not only lying, cheating, and stealing, but also coercion, exploitation, disloyalty, promise-breaking, and defiance of law. It is through such analysis that the whole moral fabric of white-collar crime is brought into sharp relief.

"In the first in-depth study of its kind, Stuart Green exposes the ambiguities and uncertainties that pervade the white-collar crimes, and offers an approach to their solution.

Sejarah: SMA kelas XII

Introduction to Indonesian and world studies; high school text book.

TERNATIO ONAL * FUND Sumber : www.netdialogue.org Dalam masa krisis , IMF mendikte Indonesia untuk tetap melepaskan nilai tukar dan arus modal ke pasar . IMF mengusulkan agar monopoli Bulog dihapuskan , audit atas TNI , audit atas ...

Imagining Childhood

The images of children that abound in Western art do not simply mirror reality; they are imaginative constructs, representing childhood as a special stage of human life, or emblematic of the human condition itself. In a compelling book ranging widely across time, national boundaries, and genres from ancient Egyptian amulets to Picasso's Guernica, Erika Langmuir demonstrates that no historic period has a monopoly on the 'discovery of childhood'. Famous pictures by great artists, as well as barely known anonymous artefacts, illustrate not only Western society's perennially ambivalent attitudes to children, but also the many and varied functions that works of art have played throughout its history.

In a compelling book ranging widely across time, national boundaries, and genres from ancient Egyptian amulets to Picasso's Guernica, Erika Langmuir demonstrates that no historic period has a monopoly on the 'discovery of childhood'.