Certification systems for buildings aim to make sustainability transparent for the general public and economically feasible for investors. Several hundred systems have been developed since around 1990.
Certification systems for buildings aim to make sustainability transparent for the general public and economically feasible for investors. Several hundred systems have been developed since around 1990.
As the European Union grows together we are faced with an increasing number of European surveys and statistics that rely on national instruments or questionnaires. We lack valid instruments with functional equivalence that allow international comparative analysis. This problem is especially important in the case of demographic and socio-economic variables. The usual practice in comparative social research is to work with national questionnaires and classifications thereby making meaningful comparisons questionable. To overcome these problems this book offers rules of comparison, tested instruments and examples for the measurements of basic demographic and socio-economic variables. The book consists of five parts and a concluding chapter. Part 1 covers general problems and presents solutions for the harmonisation of data from different national and/or cultural contexts. In the second part EUROSTAT and ESOMAR present their established standard instruments. Tested instruments each covering one variable (i.e. occupation, education) are presented in the third part. The fourth part again includes suggested tools for the harmonisation of single variables for which standardised instruments are not yet available (i.e. age, religion, ethnicity, household, family, income). The last part presents selected empirical analyses demonstrating the use and fruitfulness of instruments presented before. This book is mainly written for two groups. First, researchers and practitioners involved in comparative research in Europe. Second, researchers working with data of the statistical offices of European countries and data from institutions of the European Union.
To overcome these problems this book offers rules of comparison, tested instruments and examples for the measurements of basic demographic and socio-economic variables. The book consists of five parts and a concluding chapter.
Seminar paper from the year 2014 in the subject Economics - Macro-economics, general, grade: A3, Hacettepe University (Department of Economics), course: International Political Economy, language: English, abstract: Growth economics is the branch of economics answering questions related to what are determinants of economic growth; whether is it possible to reach a maintainable growth rate on the long run, if it is preferable to let governments interfere in market performance in order to fasten rates of economic growth. Harrod and Domar attempted to answer these questions through applying Keynes economics for economic analysis. They found that savings and investments stable rates are the key for rapid long term growth especially in developing countries. Therefore, government intervention was needed to help stimulate savings and investments. Years later, Solow and Swan attempted to answer same questions through their neoclassical growth model. In this model, it was assumed that a maintained rising saving rates leads to transition from slow growth into fast growth path. This meant a focus on technological progress. However, part of the growth was not explained by growth in production factors which are capital and labor. Solow stated that this unexplained factor was the residual or total factor productivity. Therefore, government policies were assumed to be effective on aggregate output not on growth rates.
Seminar paper from the year 2014 in the subject Economics - Macro-economics, general, grade: A3, Hacettepe University (Department of Economics), course: International Political Economy, language: English, abstract: Growth economics is the ...
David George St. Louis. 3. - Hilo Economic Comparison of Cow-Calf Forage Systems with Four Stocking Rates.
This book seeks to identify the current ‘state of the art’ of health system comparison, identifying data and methodological issues and exploring the current interface between evidence and practice.
This book seeks to identify the current ‘state of the art’ of health system comparison, identifying data and methodological issues and exploring the current interface between evidence and practice.
