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Deradicalizing and Disengaging the Children of the Islamic State - ISIS Radicalization Belgian Case Study, Physical and Psychological Consequences of Child Association With Terrorists Groups

Thousands of ISIS fighters and supporters, over 4,000 children being among them, were displaced after the Islamic State's proclaimed caliphate collapsed in 2019. While some countries have been either ambivalent or completely against repatriating ISIS children, other countries have planned to accept them back. This leads to several questions: are current deradicalization and disengagement programs applicable to the children of ISIS? Would these programs help to reintegrate children back into society? Are different approaches needed? To better answer these questions, the research in this thesis extracts key themes present in current deradicalization and disengagement programs and compares those themes with the factors motivating children to join terrorist organizations. Through qualitative analysis, this thesis finds that current programs are largely prison-based and place heavy emphasis on addressing radical ideologies and providing social aid. Unfortunately, these programs are not suited for child reintegration and are unprepared to handle the unique cognitive and social aspects of adolescents. Therefore, this thesis recommends that current deradicalization and disengagement programs replace strategies that address ideology and provide untailored social aid with programs that address positive peer contacts, foster constructive social networking, and provide psychological counseling and guidance, so that the children of ISIS can be successfully reintegrated back into society.This compilation includes a reproduction of the 2019 Worldwide Threat Assessment of the U.S. Intelligence Community.I. Introduction * A. Importance * B. Clarifying Terminology * C. Findings * D. Thesis Overview * II. Factors That Propel Children Into Radicalization * A. Structural, Social, and Individual Factors * 1. Structural * 2. Social * 3. Individual * B. Radicalizing Children Into ISIS: A Belgian Case Study * C. The Consequences of Child Association With Terrorists Groups * 1. Physical * 2. Psychological * D. Conclusion * III. An Analysis on Deradicalization and Disengagement Programs and Their Effectiveness * A. Key Elements of Deradicalization and Disengagement Programs * 1. Ideology * 2. Social Aid * B. Measuring the Effectiveness of Deradicalization and Disengagement Programs and Strategies * C. Conclusion * IV. Deradicalization and Disengagement Programs Applied to Children * A. Can Current Programs Help Children? * 1. Aspects of Deradicalization and Disengagement Programs Applicable to Children. * 2. Aspects of Deradicalization and Disengagement Programs Inapplicable to Children * 3. How to Improve Deradicalization and Disengagement Programs for Children * B. Additional Areas Of Concern * C. Conclusion The Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS), also known as the Islamic State (IS) or by the Arabic acronym Daesh, grabbed the attention of the world through its rapid expansion and gruesome, violent extremism. This group was able to seize and control territory inside Syria and Iraq the size of Britain that contained a population of eight million people. Thousands of Muslims from around the world flocked to ISIS when it claimed to have established the caliphate under its leader and self-proclaimed caliph Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi. During the height of its three-year rule starting in 2014, large swaths of followers including thousands of foreign citizens as well as children and adolescents traveled to Iraq and Syria in order to join ISIS and its attempt to rebuild the caliphate. Now that ISIS has experienced a loss of territory at the hands of an aerial campaign headed by the United States, foreign fighters are attempting to return to their host countries.

Therefore, this thesis recommends that current deradicalization and disengagement programs replace strategies that address ideology and provide untailored social aid with programs that address positive peer contacts, foster constructive ...

CULTURE AND ISLAMIC ADAPTATION PSYCHOLOGY

The indiscriminate exportation of Western psychology to Muslim and third world countries can pose serious cultural and ideological dilemmas. When the exported commodity from North to South is physical in nature, the harm done can easily be identified; for example the quick detection of the life threatening birth defects caused by the drug thalidomide when taken during pregnancy or the flaws in the breaking system of a Japanese car. However, when the exported product is ideas and beliefs and ways of life, the indirect and sneaky damage, is often much more malevolent and long-lasting because it attacks the worldview of the recipients and it shakes their cherished beliefs. Because of its technological supremacy Islamic and developing countries got used to wholeheartedly accepting any information coming from the West if it is under the tag of “science”. By presenting itself under this prestigious ‘mantra’ of science, students in Muslim countries swallow the kernel of psychology with its nutshell; the baby with its filthy water. The danger of this approach is greatly augmented by the shortcomings of our educational systems that discourages critical thinking and encourages the submissive acceptance of the words of the teacher and that of printed material.

The indiscriminate exportation of Western psychology to Muslim and third world countries can pose serious cultural and ideological dilemmas.

Islamic Psychology

Emergence of a New Field

This Book Discusses A Number Of Qur Ânic Concepts Of Human Behaviour And Experience In Support Of Hadith In A Very Appealing Style. Besides, The Author Of The Book Has Incorporated The Contribution Of Muslim Thinkers, Abu Hamid Al-Ghazzali, Shah Waliullah And Hazrat Maulana Ashraf Ali Thanvi For Their Prolific Writings And Literary Works Directly Linked To The Discipline Of Psychology. The Book Contains Fourteen Chapters. The Content And Subject Matter Of The Book Reflects The Testing Of Various Qur Ânic Concepts Of Human Behaviour And Their Particular Relevance In The Discipline Of Psychology. Of Necessity, Choice Of Content Was Made Because Of The Extraordinary Depth Of The Field Of Islamic Psychology. The Topics Selected For Inclusion In This Book Are Considered To Be Most Closely Linked With The Various Fields Of Psychology, Namely, Psycho-Pathology, Guidance And Counselling, Personality Development, And Psychotherapy.

This Book Discusses A Number Of Qur Ânic Concepts Of Human Behaviour And Experience In Support Of Hadith In A Very Appealing Style.

CONTEMPLATION: AN ISLAMIC PSYCHOSPIRITUAL STUDY

The first edition of this book was published in Arabic by the International Institute of Islamic thought in Cairo in 1991. Its introduction was written by His Eminence Shaykh Yusuf Al-Qaradawi, the President of the World Federation of Muslim Scholars. It was well received by Muslim scholars, psychologists and laymen since it succeeded in integrating Islamic spirituality and theology with modern psychology, linguistics, comparative religion and mental and physical health. It was reprinted in Jordan, Egypt and Saudi Arabia and used as a reference in Arabic Departments of psychology and education. Its second revised and updated edition was an English translation published by IIIT in London and printed by Cambridge University Press in the year 2000. The book generated highly thoughtful positive responses from reviewers. Some of them stated that reading it had greatly improved their ability to contemplate and had improved their practice of worshipping. Muslim scholars in different countries have stressed its value to non-English speaking Muslims and have obtained permission to translate it. The book is now published in different languages of the Islamic World such as Indonesian, Albanian and Malayalam.

The first edition of this book was published in Arabic by the International Institute of Islamic thought in Cairo in 1991.

Cultural and Islamic Adaptation of Psychology

A Book of Collected Papers

The indiscriminate exportation of Western psychology to Muslim and third world countries can pose serious cultural and ideological dilemmas. When the exported commodity from North to South is physical in nature, the harm done can easily be identified; for example the quick detection of the life threatening birth defects caused by the drug thalidomide when taken during pregnancy or the flaws in the breaking system of a Japanese car. However, when the exported product is ideas and beliefs and ways of life, the indirect and sneaky damage, is often much more malevolent and long-lasting because it attacks the worldview of the recipients and it shakes their cherished beliefs. Because of the technological supremacy of the West, Islamic and developing countries got used to wholeheartedly accepting any information coming from Europe and the US, particularly if it is exported under the tag of “science”. By presenting itself under this prestigious ‘mantra’, students in Muslim countries swallow the kernel of psychology with its nutshell; the baby with its filthy water. The danger of this approach is greatly augmented by the shortcomings of our educational systems that discourages critical thinking and encourages the submissive acceptance of the words of the teacher and that of printed material

The indiscriminate exportation of Western psychology to Muslim and third world countries can pose serious cultural and ideological dilemmas.

The Islamic View of Women and the Family

Speaking of marriage reconciliation , one may see the advantages of the Koranic
way of reconciling disputing couples through arbiters over the currently popular
use of the services of psychotherapists and marriage counselors . The arbiters ...

Academic and Practical Analyses of the Law Regulating Islamic Marriages in Ghana

Marriage of Mohammedans Ordinance [Cap 129]

Despite the fact that pre-marital counselling is not well developed in the Muslim
community, there is effort on the part of some Imams and individual women to
establish pre- marital counselling centres to enable couples anticipate and meet
the ...

Islamic Center of America

... Center 6451 Schaefer Dearborn , MI 48126 Tel : ( 313 ) 945 - 8380
ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICE 2651 Saulino Court Dearborn , MI 48120 Tel : ( 313 )
842 - 7010 • Fax : ( 313 ) 842 - 5150 FAMILY COUNSELING CENTER 2651
Saulino Court ...

In Search of Islamic Feminism

One Woman's Global Journey

Provides an account of the author's journey from Austin, Texas to the Middle East and North Africa in search of Islamic feminism, and reflects upon the possibility of equality between men and women

“Any other activities specifically for women?” “Guidance, marital counseling, legal
counseling, child care.” She leaned forward across the desk and pointed a kindly
finger at me. “And we work with all women, non-Muslims as well as Muslims.

Towards Actualizing Islamic Ethical and Educational Principles in Malaysian Society

Some Critical Observations

Ali organizes several programs and modules on guidance and counselling ,
education and family development . Under the program of educational services ,
it provides the following : - Summer camps for smart children . - Computer - aided
 ...