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The Economic Value of Educational Institutions to New England

Prepared for the New England Council

Economic Value of Global Weather Measurements

Global sensor networks could support increased activity in a number of economic sectors. Potential benefits and the predicted time scales required to realize them are estimated. Benefits are particular compelling for fundamental reasons for aviation, hotels and restaurants, natural disasters, construction, agriculture, and apparel. These benefits can be captured by simple logistic approximations.

Global sensor networks could support increased activity in a number of economic sectors. Potential benefits and the predicted time scales required to realize them are estimated.

Assessing the Economic Value of Copernicus

European Earth Observation and Copernicus Downstream Services Market Study

"In the context of Copernicus programme implementation, several studies have been carried out, focusing on costs and benefits in the context of European Commission (EC) regulatory actions. Independently, industry surveys and market analyses have described the state and structure of the Earth Observation market. However, the economic value of these markets in relation to Copernicus has not yet been the subject of detailed investigation, particularly with regard to the potential impacts on growth and employment. The specific objective of the study is to assess the potential market value for European Earth Observation and Copernicus downstream services (with a focus on non-institutional markets), and the potential resultant impact on employment. The study seeks to project the future markets for downstream services over a long-term time horizon (2015-2030). The present study used Eurostat's NACE as a basis for the identification of potential industrial application areas for Copernicus downstream services. Five initial pilot sectors, considered to have a high market development potential, have been selected for priority analysis: Agriculture, Non-life insurance, Oil and gas, Water transport and Electricity generation from renewable sources."--Editor.

"In the context of Copernicus programme implementation, several studies have been carried out, focusing on costs and benefits in the context of European Commission (EC) regulatory actions.

Essays on Annuities and Their Economic Value for Retirees

Faced with an uncertain time of death, retirees may find annuities useful as they can provide a stable lifestream of income upon retirement. In reality, around the world, the voluntary annuity take-up rate is low. Researchers suggest this may be due to several possible reasons, such as a strong bequest motive, low financial literacy, a security system with generous benefits, or the lack of liquidity to prepare for unexpected medical expenses. In this thesis, three research papers are developed, each contributing to the main goal of the thesis, which is to provide readers with a greater understanding of the economicc value of annuities for retirees.

Faced with an uncertain time of death, retirees may find annuities useful as they can provide a stable lifestream of income upon retirement.

Economic Valuation of Ecosystem Services Provided by Forest Ecosystems in Sri Lanka

A Study Based on 2010 Forest Cover Classification and the TEEB Database

Ecosystem service valuation is becoming popular among the economists, ecologists, scientists and policy makers. As a result, various research, publications and programs have arisen and content of literature is developed rapidly. Even though this field of study is developing rapidly, Sri Lankan ecosystems have not yet been valued or evaluated yet in terms of economic returns. Hence, the main purpose of this study is to calculate and define economic value for each forest polygon of 2010 forest cover data base by using the value transferring approach. This data base will be an effective tool to have a fair cost-benefits analyses of development projects which are most likely planned to be implemented on forested landscapes. The value transferring approach was selected for this study considering the free availability of data and expensive and time-consuming nature of primary valuation approaches. This study includes two main analyses: an estimation of total economic value of all ecosystem services provided by forest ecosystems of Sri Lanka and an estimation of economic value of water services provided by the forest ecosystems within the Mahaweli River basin which is known as largest and longest river basin of Sri Lanka. For the first analysis, required reference values of ecosystems services were found from the equivalent biomes of TEEB database. These reference data were processed at three levels and standardized to 2019 US dollar values by following a standard procedure. These processed results regarding water services were used for the second analysis and the watershed boundaries, sub-watershed boundaries, stream network, pour points were created using Arc Map 10.8.1. According to the results of first analysis, the total annual economic value of all considered ecosystem services range from US $ 3.472 billion to US $ 138.818 billion and the estimation can be averaged at US $ 34.5 billion. Results further confirmed that mangrove forests are important and ecologically valuable by reaching to the highest per unit area annual economic value being estimated at US $ 42856 per hectare per year. The water service analysis revealed that the economic value of water services provided by all forest ecosystems within the Mahaweli river basin is US $ 67.9 million. Analysis further indicated that, US $ 11,247,073 worth of water services are produced by the 78,429 ha of forest lands within the Parakrama Samoodraya sub-watershed annually. These results of both analyses are important in future conservation and management decisions making, especially regarding identifying restoration and enrichment priorities, and as a progress monitoring tool.

Ecosystem service valuation is becoming popular among the economists, ecologists, scientists and policy makers. As a result, various research, publications and programs have arisen and content of literature is developed rapidly.

Economic Value of Advanced Transfemoral Prosthetics

"Due to recent advances in technologies, prosthetic knees and feet allow for more-dynamic movements and improve user quality of life, but payers have recently started questioning their value for money. To explore this issue, we simulated the differential clinical outcomes and costs of microprocessor-controlled knees (MPKs) compared with non-MPKs (NMPKs). We conducted a literature review of the clinical and economic impacts of prosthetic knees, convened technical expert panel meetings, and implemented a simulation model over a ten-year time period for unilateral transfemoral Medicare amputees with Medicare Functional Classification Levels of 3 and 4. We found that compared with NMPKs, MPKs are associated with sizeable improvements in physical function and reductions in incidences of falls and osteoarthritis. Our simulation results show that over a ten-year time period, compared with NMPKs, MPKs are associated with an incremental cost of $10,604 per person and an increase of 0.91 quality-adjusted life years per person, resulting in an incremental cost of $11,606 per quality-adjusted life year gained. The results suggest that the economic benefits of MPKs are in line with commonly accepted criteria for good value for money and with those of other medical devices that are currently covered by U.S. payers"--Publisher's description.

"Due to recent advances in technologies, prosthetic knees and feet allow for more-dynamic movements and improve user quality of life, but payers have recently started questioning their value for money.

The Economic Benefits of Enterprise Architecture

How to Quantify and Manage the Economic Value of Enterprise Architecture

Most organisations have problems in explaining and managing the economic benefits of Enterprise Architecture. Managers often asked me what Enterprise Architecture can do for me. At the same time several Governmental organisations are adopting Enterprise Architecture as part of their change and E-Government initiatives. A holistic Enterprise Architecture approach can deliver a lot of benefits to organisations depending on the focus where to find these benefits. Even so Enterprise Architecture delivers the foundation for Enterprise Portfolio Management, the ultimate business driver for Enterprise Architecture. The main purpose of this book is achieving awareness at management level as well as at enterprise architects level about adopting an economic approach when dealing with Enterprise Architecture programs. This book explains the areas of economic benefits of Enterprise Architecture programs, the different views as well as a holistic approach to show the areas of economic benefits. Economic methods, models and approaches are described in short to show, how to quantify and manage the economic benefits of Enterprise Architecture programs as well as how Enterprise Architecture supports Enterprise Portfolio Management. This book has not the intention to be a scientific research document, nor a handbook to deliver solutions for all your EA related economic issues. The intention of the book is showing (board) management, CxO’s, business & IT managers, enterprise architects and students, that they can make progress in the determination of the economic value of Enterprise Architecture programs by adopting some economic methods and defining a process of collecting data of Enterprise Architecture effected activities and programs. With the growing importance of Enterprise Architecture at the same time, the discussion started how to align Business and IT on a natural way, now and in the future and how this fits in the overall Enterprise Portfolio. This book is also showing that alignment of business and technology is hard to do, but there is hope. This book is giving a holistic overview of the areas of economic benefits of Enterprise Architecture as well as the role, position and purpose of Enterprise Architecture programs in organizations as the foundation for change in Business and IT, embraced by Enterprise Portfolio Management. Cost / benefit figures from public sources are added to this book to show the effects of economic measurement. For the in-depth details of the described Enterprise Architecture economic approaches and methods, several references to the original sources of information are added in the chapters Terms & Definitions, References & Bibliography and Interested Links.

This book explains the areas of economic benefits of Enterprise Architecture programs, the different views as well as a holistic approach to show the areas of economic benefits.

Theory of the Firm for Strategic Management

Economic Value Analysis

Strategic decisions deal with the long-term direction of the firm and its main activities, usually the responsibility of the top managers in an organization. Because the firm is the critical unit of analysis in strategy, we need to define what firms are, how they create value, and what their organizational boundaries are in order to understand their overall performance. However, this must be done in a manner that is most useful for strategic analysis and decision making. In other words, we need a theory of the firm for business strategy. Theory of the Firm for Strategic Management integrates and expands key existing theories, like transaction costs economics and the resource-based view, to develop a value-based theory of the firm. This provides a framework to show how firms can create value for customers and, at the same time, capture economic profits for their owners through business, corporate, international, and social strategies.

Theory of the Firm for Strategic Management integrates and expands key existing theories, like transaction costs economics and the resource-based view, to develop a value-based theory of the firm.

Adding Enterprise Value

Mitigating Investment Decision Risks by Assessing the Economic Value of Supply Chain Initiatives

Value creation is no longer achieved through a single company alone, or through a network of local suppliers, but rather through wide ranging, even global supply chains. This reduces the transparency of the benefits and risks of the various supply chain setups and activities used for improving the performance of the supply chain. Such supply chain initiatives usually result in an investment by all supply chain partners involved, including the respective Chief Financial Officer (CFO). The supply chain partners therefore need a tool to show what improvements they can provide in logistics ¿ generally the reduction of inventory and reduction of lead time ¿ in terms of those financial variables that describe the value added to the company.The connection between supply chain management and financial management is currently very important. The integration of the two management levels is extremely important for the success of a supply chain initiative. Showing the possible benefits and risks for all concerned is a pre-requisite for assessing the economic value of the initiative and perceiving the win-win situation.This book and the "Supply Chain Value Contribution (SCVC)" method described therein provide: - An approach to showing the cause and effect of supply chain initiatives on supply chain performance and working capital utilization, on the basis of the wellestablished Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR)-model. - A clear and traceable approach on how to measure and sell the value created by the resulting operational supply chain performance improvements.The application of the SCVC method is described in two use cases. Due to the comprehensive but pragmatic presentation of the content, this book will be of value to both practitioners and academics alike.

Due to the comprehensive but pragmatic presentation of the content, this book will be of value to both practitioners and academics alike.