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Islamic Law, Epistemology and Modernity

Legal Philosophy in Contemporary Iran

This study analyses the major intellectual positions in the philosophical debate on Islamic law that is occurring in contemporary Iran. As the characteristic features of traditional epistemic considerations have a direct bearing on the modern development of Islamic legal thought, the contemporary positions are initially set against the established normative repertory of Islamic tradition. It is within this broad examination of a living legacy of interpretation that the context for the concretizations of traditional as well as modern Islamic learning, are enclosed.

This study analyses the major intellectual positions in the philosophical debate on Islamic law that is occurring in contemporary Iran.

Islamic Law in Past and Present

In Islamic Law in Past and Present, the lawyer and Islamicist Mathias Rohe offers a comprehensive study of Islamic law, law reforms and law in action with a particular focus on modern developments in the Islamic world, India, Canada and Germany.

In Islamic Law in Past and Present, the lawyer and Islamicist Mathias Rohe offers a comprehensive study of Islamic law, law reforms and law in action with a particular focus on modern developments in the Islamic world, India, Canada and ...

The Origins of Islamic Law

The Qurʼan, the Muwaṭṭaʼ and Madinan ʻAmal

If the Qur'an is the first written formulation of Islam in general, Malik's Muwatta' is arguably the first written formulation of the Islam-in-practice that becomes Islamic law. This book considers the methods used by Malik in the Muwatta' to derive the judgements of the law from the Qur'an and is thus concerned on one level with the finer details of Qur'anic interpretation. However, since any discussion of the Qur'an in this context must also include considerations of the other main source of Islamic law, namely the sunna, or normative practice, of the Prophet, this latter concept, especially its relationship to the terms of hadith and amal (traditions and living tradition), also receives considerable attention, and in many respects, this book is more about the history and development of Islamic law than it is about the science of Qur'anic interpretation. This is the first book to question the hitherto accepted frameworks of both the classical Muslim view and the current revisionist western view on the development of Islamic law. It is also the first study in a European language to deal specifically with the early development of the Madinan, later Malik, school of jurisprudence, as it is also the first to demonstrate in detail the various methods used, both linguistic and otherwise, in interpreting the legal verses of the Qur'an. It will be of interest to all those interested in the underlying bases of Islamic law and culture, and of particular interest to those involved in studying and teaching Islamic studies, both at undergraduate and research level. It will also be of interest to those studying the relationship between orality and literacy in ancient societies and the writing down of ancient law.

This book considers the methods used by Malik in the Muwatta' to derive the judgements of the law from the Qur'an and is thus concerned on one level with the finer details of Qur'anic interpretation.

Modern Perspectives on Islamic Law

'This book presents an invaluable contribution to the debate on the compatibility of Islam and modernity. It is full of arguments and examples showing how Islam can be understood in line with modern life, human rights, democracy, the rule of law, civil society and pluralism. The three authors come from different countries, represent different gender perspectives and have a Shia, a Sunni and a non-Muslim background respectively which makes the book a unique source of information and inspiration.' Irmgard Marboe, University of Vienna, Austria This well-informed book explains, reflects on and analyses Islamic law, not only in the classical legal tradition of Sharia, but also its modern, contemporary context. The book explores the role of Islamic law in secular Western nations and reflects on the legal system of Islam in its classical context as applied in its traditional homeland of the Middle East and also in South East Asia. Written by three leading scholars from three different backgrounds: a Muslim in the Sunni tradition, a Muslim in the Shia tradition, and a non-Muslim woman the book is not only unique, but also enriched by differing insights into Islamic law. Sir William Blair provides the foreword to a book which acknowledges that Islam continues to play a vital role not just in the Middle East but across the wider world, the discussion on which the authors embark is a crucial one. The book starts with an analysis of the nature of Islamic law, its concepts, meaning and sources, as well as its development in different stages of Islamic history. This is followed by accounts of how Islamic law is being practised today. Key modern institutions are discussed, such as the parliament, judiciary, dar al-ifta, political parties, and other important organizations. It continues by analysing some key concepts in our modern times: nation-state, citizenship, ummah, dhimmah (recognition of the status of certain non-Muslims in Islamic states), and the rule of law. The book investigates how in recent times, more and more fatwas are issued collectively rather than emanating from an individual scholar. The authors then evaluate how Islamic law deals with family matters, economics, crime, property and alternative dispute resolution. Lastly, the book revisits certain contemporary issues of debate in Islamic law such as the burqa, halal food, riba (interest) and apostasy. Modern Perspectives on Islamic Law will become a standard scholarly text on Islamic law. Its wide-ranging coverage will appeal to researchers and students of Islamic law, or Islamic studies in general. Legal practitioners will also be interested in the comparative aspects of Islamic law presented in this book.

The book starts with an analysis of the nature of Islamic law, its concepts, meaning and sources, as well as its development in different stages of Islamic history. This is followed by accounts of how Islamic law is being practised today.

Contemporary Interpretation of Islamic Law

This book does not champion some of the popular misconceptions surrounding Islamic law. It does not advocate stoning to death; amputating the hands of thieves; call for the death penalty for those who leave the fold of Islam; or urge Muslims to save their souls from Hellfire by shunning bank loans for fear of incurring interest. What it does advocate is less sensationalistic, but it is in line with the real interpretation of Islamic law.Contemporary Interpretation of Islamic Law is divided into thirteen chapters. The majority of the chapters concentrate on criminal aspects of Islamic law, while the remainder concern themselves with social issues. Each chapter – where possible – provides background information of the topic under discussion and then proceeds to analyse, examine and critique the contentious parts of the topic, looking at the arguments from all sides and the evidence put forward by each side before arriving at a conclusion. The book is accompanied by a glossary. “Our work differs from other published titles on Islamic law as it takes into account the different aspects of the Qur’an. The Qur’an employs many parables, allegories and metaphors to highlight important messages for Mankind, yet jurists often make the common mistake of either omitting or misinterpreting these devices, resulting in inaccurate and often unlawful rulings which have direct and indirect effects on both Muslims and non-Muslims alike. It is hoped that our work will create a better understanding of the correct interpretation of the Qur’an and Islamic law,” says authors Ahmed Affi and Hassan Affi. Contemporary Interpretation of Islamic Law will appeal to those with an interest is Islam and Islamic law, though no specialist knowledge of Arabic or Islamic law is required.

Introduction Islam takes a dim view on the consumption of alcohol because of the
many ills that alcohol invites, yet, despite Islam's coherent stance on the matter of
alcohol, there will always be some segments of society who will regard Islam's ...

Religious Liberty in Western and Islamic Law

Toward a World Legal Tradition

In Religious Liberty in Western and Islamic Law: Toward a World Legal Tradition, Kristine Kalanges argues that differences between Western and Islamic legal formulations of religious freedom are attributable, in substantial part, to variations in their respective religious and intellectual histories. Kalanges suggests that while divergence between the two bodies of law challenges the characterization of religious liberty as a universal human right, the "dilemma of religious freedom" - the difficult choice between the universality of religious liberty rights and peaceful co-existence of diverse legal cultures - may yet be transformed through the cultivation of a world legal tradition. This argument is advanced through comparative analysis of human rights instruments from the Western and Muslim worlds, with attention to the legal-political processes by which religious and philosophical ideas have been institutionalized.

compounded by the creation of documents such as the Universal Islamic
Declaration of Human Rights and the Cairo Declaration on Human Rights in
Islam, both of which diverge from international legal standards of religious
freedom and both ...

The Reconciliation of the Fundamentals of Islamic Law

Al-Muwafaqat Fi Usul Al-Shari'a

First published in 1884 in Tunis, The Reconciliation of the Fundamentals of Islamic Law (or al-Muwafaqat fi Usul Al-Sharai'a), written by Ibrahim ibn Musa Abu Ishaq al-Shatibi, was an innovation in Islamic jurisprudence. It was the first book to address the objectives of the shari'a. The difficulty that some may find in comprehending some of its parts may be attributed to the fact that it was the first time that the codification of the maqasid or objectives of the shari'a was undertaken. The book has been a source of inspiration, moderation, and renewal in fiqh. However, it deals with much more than the maqasid, and substantial research is needed to unravel its full contribution. The author described the contents of his book as follows: When the concealed secrets began to be revealed...I started collecting their unique meanings...I did this to the extent of my ability and strength, while elaborating the purposes of the Book (Qur'an) and the Sunna...organizing these precious gems and gathering these benefits into meanings that have re-course to the principles helping in their comprehension and attachment, and I merged them with the interpretation of principles of fiqh and organized them on a shining and radiant string. The resulting book is divided into in five parts: the fundamental concepts of the discipline; the ahkam (rules) and what is related to them; the legal purposes of the shari'a and the ahkam related to them; the comprehensive treatment of the adilla (evidences); and the rules of ijtihad and taqlid. This current Volume I - now available in paperback - covers the first two parts described above by the author. The translation of the third part, dealing with the purposes of the shari'a, will be presented in the forthcoming Volume II. (Series: The Great Books of Islamic Civilization)

Subsequent abrogation (naskh) does not remove this meaning due to the
existence of all of them up until now having been confirmed by Islam, like qirad (
mudaraba partnership), the rule for the eunuch with respect to inheritance and so
on.

Democratization and Islamic Law

The Sharia Conflict in Nigeria

When democracy was introduced to Nigeria in 1999, one-third of its federal states declared that they would be governed by sharia, or Islamic law. This work argues that such a break with secular constitutional traditions in a multireligious country can have disastrous consequences

This work argues that such a break with secular constitutional traditions in a multireligious country can have disastrous consequences

Islamic Law and International Human Rights Law

The relationship between Islamic law and international human rights law has been the subject of considerable, and heated, debate in recent years. The usual starting point has been to test one system by the standards of the other, asking is Islamic law 'compatible' with international human rights standards, or vice versa. This approach quickly ends in acrimony and accusations of misunderstanding. By overlaying one set of norms on another we overlook the deeply contextual nature of how legal rules operate in a society, and meaningful comparison and discussion is impossible. In this volume, leading experts in Islamic law and international human rights law attempt to deepen the understanding of human rights and Islam, paving the way for a more meaningful debate. Focusing on central areas of controversy, such as freedom of speech and religion, gender equality, and minority rights, the authors examine the contextual nature of how Islamic law and international human rights law are legitimately formed, interpreted, and applied within a community. They examine how these fundamental interests are recognized and protected within the law, and what restrictions are placed on the freedoms associated with them. By examining how each system recognizes and limits fundamental freedoms, this volume clears the ground for exploring the relationship between Islamic law and international human rights law on a sounder footing. In doing so it offers a challenging and distinctive contribution to the literature on the subject, and will be an invaluable reference for students, academics, and policy-makers engaged in the legal and religious debates surrounding Islam and the West.

In this volume, leading experts in Islamic law and international human rights law attempt to deepen the understanding of human rights and Islam, paving the way for a more meaningful debate.

The Application of Islamic Criminal Law in Pakistan

Sharia in Practice

No legal system in the world has aroused as much public interest as Sharia. However, the discourse around Sharia law is largely focussed on its development and the theories, principles and rules that inform it. Less attention has been given to studying the consequences of its operation, particularly in the area of Islamic criminal law. Even fewer studies explore the actual practice of Islamic criminal law in contemporary societies. This book aims to fill these gaps in our understanding of Sharia law in practice. It deals specifically with the consequences of enforcing Islamic criminal law in Pakistan, providing an in-depth and critical analysis of the application of the Islamic law of Qisas and Diyat (retribution and blood money) in the Muslim world today. The empirical evidence adduced more broadly demonstrates the complications of applying traditional Sharia in a modern state.

Even fewer studies explore the actual practice of Islamic criminal law in contemporary societies. This book aims to fill these gaps in our understanding of Sharia law in practice.