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Cyberspace, Cybersecurity, and Cybercrime

Presented from a criminal justice perspective, Cyberspace, Cybersecurity, and Cybercrime introduces students to the interdisciplinary field of cybercrime by exploring the theoretical, practical, and legal framework it operates under, along with strategies to combat it. Authors Janine Kremling and Amanda M. Sharp Parker provide a straightforward overview of cybercrime, cyberthreats, and the vulnerabilities individuals, businesses, and governments face everyday in a digital environment. Highlighting the latest empirical research findings and challenges that cybercrime and cybersecurity pose for those working in the field of criminal justice, this book exposes critical issues related to privacy, terrorism, hacktivism, the dark web, and much more. Focusing on the past, present, and future impact of cybercrime and cybersecurity, it details how criminal justice professionals can be prepared to confront the changing nature of cybercrime.

In a counterattack, Iran, in 2012, attacked the U.S. banking system and substantially slowed down major banking websites of the largest U.S. banks, including the Bank of America, JPMorgan Chase, Wells Fargo, U.S. Bank, and PNC Bank.

Economics of an Islamic Economy

This book challenges the interventionist stance of Islamic economics as well as its presumption that riba equals interest. An Islamic economy, it argues, is essentially a market economy, but it differs from capitalist economies because both its institutions and the structure of, for example, property rights are specifically Islamic, deriving from Qur??n and other sources of Islamic law. The book also focuses on the similarities and differences between riba and interest, establishes the often neglected connection between the two, and explores the ramifications of this connection for Islamic financial systems.

This book challenges the interventionist stance of Islamic economics as well as its presumption that riba equals interest.

The Oxford Handbook of Governance and Public Management for Social Policy

Public administration plays an integral role at every stage of social policy creation and execution. Program operators' management decisions shape policymakers' perceptions of what can and should be accomplished through social programs, while public administrators wield considerable power to mobilize tangible and intangible resources and fill gaps in policy designs. Furthermore, the cumulative effects of public administrators' daily activities directly influence outcomes for program participants, and may shift policy itself. Location also matters to social policy, as those same administrators are expected to innovate continuously in response to shifting local and national conditions, including changes in budgetary allocations, client needs and capacities, and public attitudes. This Handbook will aim to capture what is being learned across six geographical regions: Africa, Asia, Australasia, Europe, Latin America, and the U.S. and Canada. Specifically, each regional section will contain 6-10 chapters canvassing a particular set of promising practices or emerging challenges at the regional or sub-regional level, in addition to a brief overview written by the section editor. The regional sections will be flanked by integrative chapters. As a whole, the volume contains 65 chapters.

Service delivery entities (such as the Early Childhood Development Unit for the early childhood sector and Special Education Services delivering specialist services to schools and early childhood education providers) were constrained in ...

Productivity and Organizational Management

Effective work practices and good employee relations are a real necessity of nowadays organizations, as they can help to reduce absenteeism, turnover, organizational costs, conducting to high levels of commitment, effectiveness, performance as well as productivity. Addressing these questions, this book focuses on the implications of changes in productivity and organizational management, exploring models, tools and processes.

The present research was carried out on the certified service units of UM. A brief description of those units and of the university follows. Founded in 1973, UM is a (northern) Portuguese public institute of higher education, ...

The Changing Organisation and Management of Local Government

Local government organisation and management in Britain is in the throes of a major transformation brought about by changing economic, social and political circumstances and central government legislation. This book outlines the major pressures for change and analyses and assesses local government's response in terms of role, culture, structure and internal process. Particular attention is paid to the consequences of new decentralised, competitive/regulatory and enabling models of what local authorities should be like in the mid 1990s.

... has become much more of a problem under the new legislation ) and within the education service itself . ... large number of relatively autonomous service provision units ( including but not limited to those services which have been ...

Institutional System Analysis in Political Economy

Neoliberalism, Social Democracy and Islam

The enduring debate on institutional pillars of contemporary political economies has gathered a noticeable momentum in terms of the change, path-dependence, and varieties of capitalism. By taking a methodological standpoint claiming that ’the current structure and the future of contemporary societies can only be understood by using an evolutionary and macro institutional approach that would explain the trajectories of social structures from a systemic perspective’, this book first aims at formulating a novel analytical framework thus, Institutional System Analysis in Political Economy. This framework comprises, inter alia, a model of path-dependent changes, and then attempts to apply it to the case of the Ottoman-Turkish social system. In sum, the book develops an ’interaction-theoretic and evolutionarily-structured approach’ with an aim to better capture the path-dependence and change of political, economic, and cultural action in terms of their intersectional dynamics.

By taking a methodological standpoint claiming that ’the current structure and the future of contemporary societies can only be understood by using an evolutionary and macro institutional approach that would explain the trajectories of ...

Islamic Capitalism

Presentation of an Alternative Economic System

Islamic Capitalism is a new alternative comprehensive economic system. Based on new ideas and views, Islamic Capitalism introduces modern applicable solutions to present financial hardships, problems, and crisis. Islamic Capitalism presents new Financing and Banking systems, Welfare and Taxing systems, Public Finance system, Domestic Monetary system, and International Monetary system. Taking into consideration the recent economic environment that is characterized by speculative mania and rapid increase in quantity of credit and money, new approach has been taken to identify economic problems and to understand the Qur'anic verses. Islamic Capitalism translates continuous efforts of several years of researches and studies in addition to long practical experience in banking and finance. Islamic Capitalism converts theoretical dreams into modern applicable systems introduced in a small book written in as simple as possible language.

Islamic Capitalism is a new alternative comprehensive economic system. Based on new ideas and views, Islamic Capitalism introduces modern applicable solutions to present financial hardships, problems, and crisis.

Islam and the Orientalist World-system

Featuring Immanuel Wallerstein, Joseph Massad, Marnia Lazreg, and other well-known and emerging new authors, this book seeks a more accurate understanding of Islam and Islamic societies' role and relations to global cultural and economic realities. The book confronts a trend today of analyzing Islam as a "cultural system" that stands outside of, and even predates, modernity. The authors see this trend as part of a racist discourse unaware of the realities of contemporary Islam. Islamic societies today are products of the world capitalist system and cannot be understood as being separate from its forces. The authors offer a more carefully constructed and richer portrait of Islamic societies today and forcefully challenge the belief that Islam is not part of, nor much affected by, the modern world-system.

Featuring Immanuel Wallerstein, Joseph Massad, Marnia Lazreg, and other well-known and emerging new authors, this book seeks a more accurate understanding of Islam and Islamic societies' role and relations to global cultural and economic ...

The Economic System of the Early Islamic Period

Institutions and Policies

This book provides an economic analysis of the earliest Islamic society, focusing on the policies of the Messenger of Islam (Sawa) and his successors during the first four formative decades of Islam. Two institutions of great importance – the market and the public treasury (Baitul Mal) – and their roles in the development of the private and public sectors are particularly emphasized in this study. The first part of the book is devoted to the economic and cultural dimensions of life in the Arabian Peninsula during the pre-Islamic period, including an analysis of trade and financial relationships with the Roman and Persian economies; the challenges faced by the Messenger’s mission and the economic policies of the Messenger after the migration to Madinah are also examined in detail. The author then moves on to a devoted analysis of the nature and functions of the public treasury, its revenues and expenditures, as well as financial and fiscal policies. Also examined is the role of the public sector in maintaining equilibrium in the financial and real sectors, as well as in promoting economic growth and employment. Analysis of the institution of the market, its characteristics, and its functions during the earliest Islamic period constitutes the third section of the book. The behaviors of consumers, producers, and investors in an economy without an interest rate mechanism are also addressed here. The final section investigates the fundamental objective of Islam for human societies – that is, justice – within the context of discussions in earlier parts of the book. The author uses historical economic data, facts, and evidences that are reported from the period, both prior to and after the establishment of the Islamic State, to explore the economic relations, policies, and models that were in practice and applied at that time.

This book provides an economic analysis of the earliest Islamic society, focusing on the policies of the Messenger of Islam (Sawa) and his successors during the first four formative decades of Islam.

The Islamic World-System

A Study in Polity-Market Interaction

This highly original book presents an alternative vision of globalization and explores the epistemology, derived from the Qur'an and the Prophetic guidance Sunnah, that underpins the systemic unity at the heart of the Islamic concept of world-system. Choudhury's investigation reveals the ethical foundations that influence the development of law, markets and social contract in Islamic societies. He then applies his methodology to issues and problems such as property rights, money, political economy, technology diffusion, microenterprise development and asset evaluation.

This highly original book presents an alternative vision of globalization and explores the epistemology, derived from the Qur'an and the Prophetic guidance Sunnah, that underpins the systemic unity at the heart of the Islamic concept of ...