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Aristotle's Logic of Education

In <I>Aristotle's Logic of Education, Richard Bauman makes a contribution to both the history of logic and the philosophy of education. He argues that Aristotle, in the course of laying out his system of syllogistic inference, intends to guide the way science is taught, rather than how scientific research is conducted. The teacher is supposed to proceed by the method of demonstration from the appropriate necessary premises. Dr. Bauman contends that the problems raised in Plato's <I>Meno form the background for understanding Aristotle's presentation of logic in his <I>Posterior Analytics. In light of Bauman's interpretation, a fresh approach should be taken to the recurrent claim that syllogistic reasoning always involves committing the fallacy of <I>petitio principii. Finally, the author criticizes Aristotle's attempt to reduce both reasoning and teaching to singular patterns. In particular, Bauman argues that Aristotle fails to account adequately for the acquisition of first principles.

In Aristotle's Logic of Education, Richard Bauman makes a contribution to both the history of logic and the philosophy of education.

New Developments in Legal Reasoning and Logic

From Ancient Law to Modern Legal Systems

This book intends to unite studies in different fields related to the development of the relations between logic, law and legal reasoning. Combining historical and philosophical studies on legal reasoning in Civil and Common Law, and on the often neglected Arabic and Talmudic traditions of jurisprudence, this project unites these areas with recent technical developments in computer science. This combination has resulted in renewed interest in deontic logic and logic of norms that stems from the interaction between artificial intelligence and law and their applications to these areas of logic. The book also aims to motivate and launch a more intense interaction between the historical and philosophical work of Arabic, Talmudic and European jurisprudence. The publication discusses new insights in the interaction between logic and law, and more precisely the study of different answers to the question: what role does logic play in legal reasoning? Varying perspectives include that of foundational studies (such as logical principles and frameworks) to applications, and historical perspectives.

He also, however, introduces a counter-continuum, in which blind traditionalism leads to legal uniformity. 5.3 Conclusion Independent legal reasoning is a pivotal aspect of the conceptual genealogy of legal reasoning in the Jewish legal ...

Past and Present Interactions in Legal Reasoning and Logic

This volume explores the relation between legal reasoning and logic from both a historical and a systematic perspective. The topics addressed include, among others, conditional legal acts, disjunctions in legal acts, presumptions and conjectures, conflicts of values, Jørgensen ́s Dilemma, the Rhetor ́s Dilemma, the theory of legal fictions and the categorization of contracts. The unifying problematic of these contributions concerns the conditional structures and, more particularly, the relationship between legal theory and legal reasoning in the context of conditions. The contributions in this work constitute the first results of the ANR-DFG joint research project “JuriLog” (Jurisprudence and Logic), which aims at fostering the cooperation between legal scholars and philosophers. On the one hand, lawyers and legal scholars have an interest in emphasizing the logical character of legal reasoning. In this respect, the present enquiry examines the question of how logic, especially newer forms of dialogical logic, can be made fruitful as a significant area of philosophy for jurisprudence and legal practice. On the other hand, logicians find in legal reasoning a striving towards clear definitions and inference-procedures that is relevant to their discipline. In order to fully understand such reciprocal relationships, it is necessary to bridge the gap between law, logic and philosophy in contemporary academic research. The essays collected in this volume all work towards this common goal. The book is divided in three sections. In the first part, the strong relation between Roman Law and logic is explored with respect to the analysis of disjunctive statements in legal acts. The second part focuses on Leibniz ́s legal theory. The third part, finally, is dedicated to current interactions between law and logic.

Not only this framework allows us to respect the methodological abyss pointed out by Kelsen, but it also displays the interactions which are inherent to the legal reasoning. Our attempts are particularly directed to aspects concerning ...

Logic, Probability, and Presumptions in Legal Reasoning

At least since plato and Aristotle, thinkers have pondered the relationship between philosophical arguments and the "sophistical" arguments offered by the Sophists -- who were the first professional lawyers. Judges wield substantial political power, and the justifications they offer for their decisions are a vital means by which citizens can assess the legitimacy of how that power is exercised. However, to evaluate judicial justifications requires close attention to the method of reasoning behind decisions. This new collection illuminates and explains the political and moral importance in justifying the exercise of judicial power.

However, to evaluate judicial justifications requires close attention to the method of reasoning behind decisions. This new collection illuminates and explains the political and moral importance in justifying the exercise of judicial power.

The Logic of Obligation, Choice, and Action

After a critical summary and analysis of syllogistic, inductive, and modern symbolic logic, this book undertakes a study of the concepts, symbolism, and applications of what has become known as deontic logic, or the logic of obligation, particularly as it relates to moral and legal reasoning involved in the making of decisions, choices, and the performance of human actions. The meanings of the terms 'act' and 'action' are thoroughly discussed as are the terms 'omission' and 'attempt'. Both dyadic and multi-valued versions of deontic logic and the insights of Lofti Zadeh's 'fuzzy logic' are referenced throughout the book, specifically in the chapter on the Logic of Jokes. The aesthetics and ethics of reasoning in mathematics, physical science, and law are discussed as well as the notion of commitment.

After a critical summary and analysis of syllogistic, inductive, and modern symbolic logic, this book undertakes a study of the concepts, symbolism, and applications of what has become known as deontic logic, or the logic of obligation, ...

A Matter of Principle

Essays examine the political basis of law, legal interpretation, economic factors in law, reverse discrimination, and censorship

Essays examine the political basis of law, legal interpretation, economic factors in law, reverse discrimination, and censorship

Pragmatism as a Principle and Method of Right Thinking

The 1903 Harvard Lectures on Pragmatism

This is a study edition of Charles Sanders Peirce's manuscripts for lectures on pragmatism given in spring 1903 at Harvard University. Excerpts from these writings have been published elsewhere but in abbreviated form. Turrisi has edited the manuscripts for publication and has written a series of notes that illuminate the historical, scientific, and philosophical contexts of Peirce's references in the lectures. She has also written a Preface that describes the manner in which the lectures came to be given, including an account of Peirce's life and career pertinent to understanding the philosopher himself. Turrisi's introduction interprets Peirce's brand of pragmatism within his system of logic and philosophy of science as well as within general philosophical principles.

This is a study edition of Charles Sanders Peirce's manuscripts for lectures on pragmatism given in spring 1903 at Harvard University.

Bruno, or On the Natural and Divine Principle of Things

Makes Schelling's dialogue Bruno readily accessible to the English-language reader, with valuable commentary on the work itself, which details Schelling's account of his differences from Fichte.

Makes Schelling's dialogue Bruno readily accessible to the English-language reader, with valuable commentary on the work itself, which details Schelling's account of his differences from Fichte.

The Principle of Reason

HeideggerÕs important lecture course of 1955-56 presents the principle of reason as a principle of being.

This is the text of a lecture course that Martin Heidegger gave in 1955-56, it takes as its focal point Leibniz's principle: nothing is without reason. Heidegger shows here that the principle of reason is in fact a principle of being.

Farewell to Matters of Principle

Philosophical Studies

A series of translated essays covering German philosophy, literary theory and modern intellectual history, by the person considered to be the heir to Gadamar, Habermas and Blumenberg. The topics include the nature of myth and attempts to account for it and the questions of hermaneutics.

A series of translated essays covering German philosophy, literary theory and modern intellectual history, by the person considered to be the heir to Gadamar, Habermas and Blumenberg.