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Discrete-Time Models for Communication Systems Including ATM

Most queuing analyses performed in the literature are based on characterization of queueing phenomena in continuous-time items. Recently in the telecommunication industries, BISDN (broadband integrated services digital network) has received considerable attention since it can provide a common interface for future communication needs including video, data, and speech. Since information in BISDN is transported by means of dicsrete units of 53-octet ATM (asynchronous transfer mode) cells, interests in discrete-time systems have increased. Discrete-Time Models for Communication Systems Including ATM provides a general framework for queueing analyses of dicrete-time systems. After a brief look at past studies of discrete-time systems, a detailed description and analysis are presented for a generic discrete-time model with a single server, arbitrary service times and independent arrivals. The book then follows a less stringent approach and focuses more on the average statistics and on different queueing disciplines. Conventional first-in-out and last-in-first-out disciplines are discussed in terms of the average statistics. Systems with multiple classes of messages without class-dependent priorities are considered to establish a discrete-time conservation law. Multiple classes with priorities are also considered to derive performance measures of priority scheduling disciplines. Finally, a multi-queue system with cyclic service is analyzed in the context of round-robin service ordering. This is followed by analyses of discrete-time queueing systems with `more complicate' input and output processes. Specifically, single-server systems are investigated whereby either the arrivals or the server is subject to random interruptions. Results are mainly obtained in terms of generating functions and mean values of the principal performance measures. The influence of the nature of the arrival correlation and the server interruptions on the queueing behavior is discussed. Finally, the book explores queueing models directly associated with ATM switches and multiplexers. This book is a valuable reference and may be used as a text for and advanced course on the subject.

Finally, the book explores queueing models directly associated with ATM switches and multiplexers. This book is a valuable reference and may be used as a text for and advanced course on the subject.

Management Andragogics 2

Zurich Living Case

At a time when managers often provide fodder for unseemly headlines, and some are even compared unflatteringly with locusts, today’s business leaders are called upon as never before to demonstrate the moral justification for their activities, and to ensure that it is understood by all the key stakeholders of a company. What is required is nothing less than a management renaissance, based on a thoroughgoing concept of corporate leadership; there is no less a need for decision makers who hold themselves to the highest standards, with a positive perception of their fu- tion as agents of dissemination, and who are committed to the good not only of “their” firm, but also of society in general. Particularly in today’s environment of significant movements of goods, the hi- est priority is accorded to the social and labor policy elements of company m- agement. For its part, the State must create advantageous framework conditions and promote the willingness to accept risk that is fundamental to the entrepren- rial spirit. A social, constitutional state with a liberal social structure has always been and remains the prime concern of democratically spirited forces everywhere. When managers live up to the expectations with which they are entrusted, they lend the social market economy – often misunderstood and sometimes even m- used – a new luster. This in turn fulfils the hopes and expectations of those Eu- peans for whom the development of pan-European structures stands for the rec- ery from post-communist stagnation.

... research organization CRA = Clinical research associate CS/P = Committed sites divided by the population DCF = Data correction form DO/AP = Percentage of dropouts in relation to all included patients EDC = Electronic data capturing ...

ATM Network Performance

ATM Network Performance describes a unified approach to ATM network management. The focus is on satisfying quality-of-service requirements for individual B-ISDN connections. For an ATM network of output-buffer switches, the author describes how the basic network resources (switch buffer memory and link transmission bandwidth) should be allocated to achieve the required quality-of-service connections. The performance of proposed bandwidth scheduling policies is evaluated. Both single node and end-to-end performance results are given. In particular, these results are applied to resource provisioning problems for prerecorded (stored) video and video teleconferencing. The flow control problem for available bit rate traffic is also described. This book is intended for a one-term course in performance of Broadband Integrated-Services Digital Networks (B-ISDNs) based on a type of packet-switched communication network called Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM). The level of presentation is at the first year of graduate studies and for professionals working in the field, but it may be accessible to senior undergraduates as well. Some familiarity with ATM standards is assumed as such standards are only briefly outlined. All of the required background in discrete-time queueing theory is supplied. Exercises are given at the end of chapters. Solutions and/or hints to selected exercises are given in an Appendix.

This book is intended for a one-term course in performance of Broadband Integrated-Services Digital Networks (B-ISDNs) based on a type of packet-switched communication network called Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM).

Performance Modelling and Evaluation of ATM Networks

Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) networks are widely considered to be the new generation of high speed communication systems both for broadband public information highways and for local and wide area private networks. ATM is designed to integrate existing and future voice, audio, image and data services. Moreover, ATM aims to simplify the complexity of switching and buffer management, to optimise intermediate node processing and buffering and to limit transmission delays. However, to support such diverse services on one integrated communication network, it is most essential, through careful engineering, to achieve a fruitful balance amongst the conflicting requirements of different quality of service constraints ensuring that one service does not have adverse implications on another. Over recent years there has been a great deal of progress in research and development of ATM technology, but there are still many interesting and important problems to be resolved such as traffic characterisation and control, routing and optimisation, ATM switching techniques and the provision of quality of service. This book presents thirty-two research papers, both from industry and academia, reflecting latest original achievements in the theory and practice of performance modelling of ATM networks worldwide. These papers were selected, subject to peer review, from those submitted as extended and revised versions out of fifty-nine shorter papers presented at the Second IFIP Workshop on "Performance Modelling and Evaluation of ATM Networks" July 4-7, 1994, Bradford University. At least three referees from the scientific committee and externally were involved in the selection of each paper.

This book presents thirty-two research papers, both from industry and academia, reflecting latest original achievements in the theory and practice of performance modelling of ATM networks worldwide.

Performance Evaluation and Applications of ATM Networks

Information Highways are widely considered as the next generation of high speed communication systems. These highways will be based on emerging Broadband Integrated Services Digital Networks (B-ISDN), which - at least in principle - are envisioned to support not only all the kinds of networking applications known today but also future applications which are not as yet understood fully or even anticipated. Thus, B-ISDNs release networking processes from the limitations which the communications medium has imposed historically. The operational generality stems from the versatility of Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) which is the transfer mode adopted by ITU-T for broadband public ISDN as well as wide area private ISDN. A transfer mode which provides the transmission, multiplexing and switching core that lies at the foundations of a communication network. ATM is designed to integrate existing and future voice, audio, image and data services. Moreover, ATM aims to minimise the complexity of switching and buffer management, to optimise intermediate node processing and buffering and to bound transmission delays. These design objectives are met at high transmission speeds by keeping the basic unit of ATM transmission - the ATM cell - short and of fixed length.

A transfer mode which provides the transmission, multiplexing and switching core that lies at the foundations of a communication network. ATM is designed to integrate existing and future voice, audio, image and data services.

Access to B-ISDN via PONs

ATM Communication in Practice

It is with great pleasure that I respond to the kind invitation of the BAF project to contribute prefatory remarks to this account of their work, carried out under the auspices of the RACE Programme (Research and Development in Advanced Communications in Europe). The objective of the RACE Programme was to support the intro duction of Integrated Broadband Communications in the European Union. An important part of this overall objective was served by the BAF project, which has aimed to produce a cost-effective access facility for broadband networks, especially for residential and small business customers. As this book relates, in order to do so the project consortium merged two advanced communications technologies, ATM and PON, with contributions from many other disciplines, to create a demon strator which has been subject to extensive trials and testing which have been fruitful both in contributions to international standards and in development work to improve further future generations of the system. This book forms an important reference source through the experience gained in this unique experiment in advanced telecommunications. Another significant feature of the project should not be overlooked however. When the European Commission first began looking at supporting industrial research in Europe in the mid-1980s, it was clear that we had important strengths in telecommunications. It was equally clear that a revolution was on the way - the digital revolution - and European pre-eminence in the field was not guaranteed for ever.

As this book relates, in order to do so the project consortium merged two advanced communications technologies, ATM and PON, with contributions from many other disciplines, to create a demon strator which has been subject to extensive ...

Performance Analysis of ATM Networks

IFIP TC6 WG6.3 / WG6.4 Fifth International Workshop on Performance Modelling and Evaluation of ATM Networks July 21–23, 1997, Ilkley, UK

Over recent years, a considerable amount of effort has been devoted, both in industry and academia, towards the performance modelling, evaluation and prediction of Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) networks. This book describes recent advances in ATM networks reflecting the state-of-the-art technology and research achievements worldwide. In addition, it provides a fundamental source of reference in the ATM field. Research topics discussed in detail include: Traffic Modelling and Characterisation; Routing; Switch and Multiplexer Models; Call Admission Control (CAC); Congestion Control; Resource Allocation; Quality of Service (QoS); Tools and Techniques. This volume contains recently extended refereed papers of the 5th International Workshop on Performance Modelling and Evaluation of ATM Networks, which was sponsored by the International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP) and held in Ilkley, UK in July 1997. Performance Analysis of ATM Networks continues the tradition established by the first three IFIP volumes on the subject, and it is ideal for personnel in computer/communication industries as well as academic and research staff in computer science and electrical engineering.

This book describes recent advances in ATM networks reflecting the state-of-the-art technology and research achievements worldwide. In addition, it provides a fundamental source of reference in the ATM field.

Discourse, Interaction and Communication

Proceedings of the Fourth International Colloquium on Cognitive Science (ICCS-95)

DISCOURSE, INTERACTION, AND COMMUNICATION Co-organized by the Department of Logic and Philosophy of Science and the Institute for Logic, Cognition, Language, and Infonnation (ILCLI) both from the University of the Basque Country, tlle Fourth International Colloquium on Cognitive Science (ICCS-95) gathered at Donostia - San Sebastian ti'om May 3 to 6, 1995, with the following as its main topics: 1. Social Action and Cooperation. 2. Cognitive Approaches in Discourse Processing: Grammatical and Semantical Aspects. 3. Models of Infonnation in Communication Systems. 4. Cognitive Simulation: Scope and Limits. More tllan one hundred researchers from all over the world exchanged their most recent contributions to Cognitive Science in an exceptionally fruitful annosphere. In this volume we include a small though representative sample of tlle main papers. They all were invited papers except the one by Peter Juel Henrichsen, a contributed paper tllat merited tlle IBERDROLA - Gipuzkoako Foru Aldundia: Best Paper Award, set up in ICCS-95 for the first time.

In this volume we include a small though representative sample of tlle main papers.

Gesture-Based Communication in Human-Computer Interaction

5th International Gesture Workshop, GW 2003, Genova, Italy, April 15-17, 2003, Selected Revised Papers

Research on the multifaceted aspects of modeling, analysis, and synthesis of - man gesture is receiving growing interest from both the academic and industrial communities. On one hand, recent scienti?c developments on cognition, on - fect/emotion, on multimodal interfaces, and on multimedia have opened new perspectives on the integration of more sophisticated models of gesture in c- putersystems.Ontheotherhand,theconsolidationofnewtechnologiesenabling “disappearing” computers and (multimodal) interfaces to be integrated into the natural environments of users are making it realistic to consider tackling the complex meaning and subtleties of human gesture in multimedia systems, - abling a deeper, user-centered, enhanced physical participation and experience in the human-machine interaction process. The research programs supported by the European Commission and s- eral national institutions and governments individuated in recent years strategic ?elds strictly concerned with gesture research. For example, the DG Infor- tion Society of the European Commission (www.cordis.lu/ist) supports several initiatives, such as the “Disappearing Computer” and “Presence” EU-IST FET (Future and Emerging Technologies), the IST program “Interfaces & Enhanced Audio-Visual Services” (see for example the project MEGA, Multisensory - pressive Gesture Applications, www.megaproject.org), and the IST strategic - jective “Multimodal Interfaces.” Several EC projects and other funded research are represented in the chapters of this book. Awiderangeofapplicationscanbene?tfromadvancesinresearchongesture, from consolidated areas such as surveillance to new or emerging ?elds such as therapy and rehabilitation, home consumer goods, entertainment, and aud- visual, cultural and artistic applications, just to mention only a few of them.

... an integral aspect of sign language communication - grammatical inflections which are conveyed through systematic ... ASL (American Sign Language) have parallel channels so that two or more concepts can be expressed simultaneously.

A Treatise of Legal Philosophy and General Jurisprudence

Volume 8: A History of the Philosophy of Law in The Common Law World, 1600–1900

Volume 8, the third of the historical volumes of A Treatise of Legal Philosophy and General Jurisprudence, offers a history of legal philosophy in common-law countries from the 17th to the 19th century. Its main focus (like that of Volume 9) is on the ways in which jurists and legal philosophers thought about law and legal reasoning. The volume begins with a discussion of the ‘common law mind’ as it evolved in late medieval and early modern England. It goes on to examine the different jurisprudential traditions which developed in England and the United States, showing that while Coke’s vision of the common law continued to exert a strong influence on American jurists, in England a more positivist approach took root, which found its fullest articulation in the work of Bentham and Austin.

Volume 8, the third of the historical volumes of A Treatise of Legal Philosophy and General Jurisprudence, offers a history of legal philosophy in common-law countries from the 17th to the 19th century.