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Building Broadband

Strategies and Policies for the Developing World

Access to broadband connectivity is a country s passport to the global information society and knowledge economy the future. However, the adoption and use of broadband technology today remains extremely uneven and threatens to create a new digital divide. At the end of 2009, countries in North America and the European Union accounted for more than 50 percent of the world s 1 billion fixed and mobile broadband subscriptions, but South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa together accounted for less than 3 percent. The experience with mobile telephony though shows the potential for growth in the information and communication technology sector in developing countries. Almost 75 percent of the world s mobile telephone subscriptions are in low- and middle-income countries, which have also promoted exciting innovations and realized significant economic development benefits. In fact, a growing number of countries are seeking to spur broadband development. To aid governments as they design their own programs, this volume offers examples and ideas from some of the most successful broadband markets: particularly the Republic of Korea, but also Finland, France, Japan, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States. 'Building Broadband' does not suggest a universal solution but rather provides a long list of policies and programs organized within a strategic framework that allows solutions tailored to country circumstances. The essential building blocks identified are useful everywhere because they focus on improving incentives and the climate for private investment. This is a policy that even countries with very limited resources will be able to exploit.

ECO-AUDIT Environmental Benefits Statement The World Bank is committed to ... as pillar of demand facilitation, 105, 106t actual versus advertised broadband speeds, 20b ADSL (asymmetric digital subscriber line), 23, 37, 44–45, ...

Building an Effective Security Program

Building an Effective Security Program provides readers with a comprehensive approach to securing the IT systems in use at their organizations. This book provides information on how to structure and operate an effective cybersecurity program that includes people, processes, technologies, security awareness, and training. This program will establish and maintain effective security protections for the confidentiality, availability, and integrity of organization information. In this book, the authors take a pragmatic approach to building organization cyberdefenses that are effective while also remaining affordable. This book is intended for business leaders, IT professionals, cybersecurity personnel, educators, and students interested in deploying real-world cyberdefenses against today’s persistent and sometimes devastating cyberattacks. It includes detailed explanation of the following IT security topics: IT Security Mindset—Think like an IT security professional, and consider how your IT environment can be defended against potential cyberattacks. Risk Management—Identify the assets, vulnerabilities and threats that drive IT risk, along with the controls that can be used to mitigate such risk. Effective Cyberdefense—Consider the components of an effective organization cyberdefense to successfully protect computers, devices, networks, accounts, applications and data. Cyber Operations—Operate cyberdefense capabilities and controls so that assets are protected, and intruders can be detected and repelled before significant damage can be done. IT Security Awareness and Training—Promote effective cybersecurity practices at work, on travel, and at home, among your organization’s business leaders, IT professionals, and staff. Resilient IT Security—Implement, operate, monitor, assess, and improve your cybersecurity program on an ongoing basis to defend against the cyber threats of today and the future.

... blockchain as follows: tamper evident and tamper resistant digital ledgers implemented in a distributed fashion (i.e., without a central repository) and usually without a central authority (i.e., a bank, company or government).

The Building and Breaking of Peace

Corporate Activities in Civil War Prevention and Resolution

Private corporations are rarely discussed as playing a role in efforts to curb civil violence, even though they often have strong interests in maintaining stability. Violence often damages the infrastructure necessary to deliver goods to market or may directly target companies. Corporations also have a normative obligation to conduct business in ways that promote peace. While there are historical examples of firm-instigated violence and firms reaping benefits from instability and conflict, there is also evidence that corporations proactively engage in peacebuilding. For example, firms devise programs to promote economic development, offer access to education, and employ former combatants. In The Building and Breaking of Peace, Molly M. Melin develops a theory of the conflicting roles corporations play in both building and preventing peace. Melin shows that corporations engage in peacebuilding when there is a gap in the state's capacity to enforce laws, but they also weigh the opportunity costs of peacebuilding, responding to the need for action when conditions enable them to do so. Firms are uniquely situated in their ability to raise the cost of violence, and proactive firms can increase the years of peace in a country. At the same time, an active private sector can make it harder for states with ongoing conflict to reach an agreement, as they act as an additional veto player in the bargaining process. Including original cross-national data of peacebuilding efforts by firms in Latin America, the Middle East, and Africa from 2000 to 2018, and in-depth case analyses of corporate actions and outcomes in Colombia, Northern Ireland, and Tunisia, Melin shows that corporations help to prevent violence but not resolve it. In examining the corporate motives for peacebuilding and the implications of these activities for preventing violence and conflict resolution, the book builds a more holistic picture of the peace and conflict process. The findings also help explain why armed civil conflicts persist despite the multitude of diverse actors working to end them.

For the benefit of digital users, indexed terms that span two pages (e.g., 52–53) may, on occasion, appear on only ... 81 balance of payments (BoP), 71–72 Baltic Exchange, 89 Bananero Block, 68, 117 Bancolombia, 105–6 banking, 134, 144, ...

Regional Blocs

Building Blocks or Stumbling Blocks?

A topical study of regional arrangements covering ASEAN, SAARC and APEC in Asia, NAFTA and MERCOSUR in the Americas, SADC, SACU and ECOWAS in Africa, and the European Union, EFTA and Eastern Europe. The book argues that foreign direct investment is complementary to trade and most regional arrangements can create trade and induce growth so long as they remain open and non-discriminatory. But they could also become stumbling blocks to globalization. The book demonstrates how US and EU trade policy will be crucial in shaping the world economy.

But they could also become stumbling blocks to globalization. The book demonstrates how US and EU trade policy will be crucial in shaping the world economy.

Carbohydrate Building Blocks

Bols delivers an original and effective presentation that unravels secrets from carbohydrate chemistry. He specifically describes which carbohydrates are best used in Synthesis and how to obtain them. The first half of this indispensable reference contains a dictionary-like list of compounds that can be prepared in a few steps from commercially cheap carbohydrates. The latter section describes which carbohydrates are commercially and inexpensively available along with the chemistry that can be used to convert them into useful building blocks.

This exciting new material is presented in pictorial dictionary form to facilitate the easy identification and selection of useful compounds. This invaluable guide places the entire field of carbohydrate building blocks at your fingertips.

Building Operating Management

Energy Saving Optimiser Satchwell's Digital Optimiser is a neat little energy saving device that can typically save 10 to 20 % of heating ... And then with the sidewalk encoachment problem , I couldn't have even put up a block wall .

Sticks, Stones, and Shadows

Building the Egyptian Pyramids

What do the pyramids of Egypt really represent? What could have driven so many to so great, and often so dangerous, an effort? Was the motivation religious or practical? Illustrated with more than 300 photographs and drawings, this book presents an original approach to the subject of pyramid building. It reveals the connection between devices that served both a practical need for survival and a spiritual belief in gods and goddesses. It examines Egyptian technologies and techniques from the origins of pyramid development to the step-by-step details of how the ground was leveled, how the site was oriented, and how the stone was raised and placed to meet at a distant point in the sky. Here the author also asks and answers questions virtually ignored for the last century. He discloses, for example, the ancient use of shadows, now denigrated to the ornamental back-yard sundial, but once an important tool for telling the height of an object, geographical directions, the seasons of the year, and the time of day. He also reinterprets the ancient "stretching of the cord" ceremony, which once was thought to have only religious significance but here is shown as the means of establishing the sides of a pyramid.

Was the motivation religious or practical? Illustrated with more than 300 photographs and drawings, this book presents an original approach to the subject of pyramid building.

Fundamentals of Building Construction

Materials and Methods

This Third Edition of the classic Fundamentals of Building Construction offers a panoramic view of today's construction systems-from foundation to roof, exterior cladding to interior finishes. Every common system of construction is covered, including wood light frame construction, heavy timber, masonry, steel, sitecast concrete, and precast concrete. New chapters offer coverage of light gauge steel frame construction and detailed information on selecting windows and doors. Architect and author Edward Allen addresses the history, theory, and practice of each type of construction, including typical details of assembly. The lucid text is supported by more than 600 photographs and 400 line drawings, many of them arranged in sequences that illustrate construction operations step-by-step. More than 200 of the illustrations were prepared especially for this new edition. These include photographs of recent work by Horst Berger, Helmut Jahn, Cesar Pelli, Frank Gehry, Eric Owen Moss, Steven Holl, and Suzane Reatig. This book is an essential reference for students of architecture, civil engineering, and construction technology. It finds everyday use in virtually every architecture firm in North America.

This Third Edition of the classic Fundamentals of Building Construction offers a panoramic view of today's construction systems-from foundation to roof, exterior cladding to interior finishes.

Building Barcelona

A Second Renaixença

"A landmark among the books written on Barcelona, Building Barcelona: A Second Renaixenca provides an enthusiastic examination of the city's urban transformation. Peter G. Rowe unfolds Barcelona's rebirth through a clever destination of historical facts that are intertwined with major international events."--BOOK JACKET.

"A landmark among the books written on Barcelona, Building Barcelona: A Second Renaixenca provides an enthusiastic examination of the city's urban transformation.