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Hubungan Industrial Dan Kompensasi (Teori Dan Praktik)

Hubungan industrial merupakan sesuatu yang sangat penting di pelajari terutama di era revolusi industri 4.0 sekarang ini. Tidak saja karena hubungan industrial melibatkan berbagai pihak terkait dan berkepentingan dalam sebuah perusahaan. Melainkan lebih dari itu, banyak terjadi konflik antara pekerja dan pengusaha sedikit banyak akibat hubungan industrial yang tidak harmonis dan kondusif. Konsekuensinya, baik pengusaha maupun pekerja sama-sama mengalami kerugian. Perusahaan tidak dapat beroperasi secara maksimal, sehingga pendapatan menurun dan terancam bangkrut. Sedangkan pekerja mengalami Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja (PHK) dan berimbas pada akibat-akibat sosial lainnya.

Hubungan industrial merupakan sesuatu yang sangat penting di pelajari terutama di era revolusi industri 4.0 sekarang ini.

Economic Value A Complete Guide - 2020 Edition

Why is it so difficult to quickly Deliver Quality software? How may the design of an agile supply chain be supported? What is the best practice of performance measurement in agile processes? What aspects of your infrastructure are key to making agile processes successful, and what aspects of agile processes themselves are responsible for success? When does a strategy create economic value? This easy Economic Value self-assessment will make you the entrusted Economic Value domain standout by revealing just what you need to know to be fluent and ready for any Economic Value challenge. How do I reduce the effort in the Economic Value work to be done to get problems solved? How can I ensure that plans of action include every Economic Value task and that every Economic Value outcome is in place? How will I save time investigating strategic and tactical options and ensuring Economic Value costs are low? How can I deliver tailored Economic Value advice instantly with structured going-forward plans? There's no better guide through these mind-expanding questions than acclaimed best-selling author Gerard Blokdyk. Blokdyk ensures all Economic Value essentials are covered, from every angle: the Economic Value self-assessment shows succinctly and clearly that what needs to be clarified to organize the required activities and processes so that Economic Value outcomes are achieved. Contains extensive criteria grounded in past and current successful projects and activities by experienced Economic Value practitioners. Their mastery, combined with the easy elegance of the self-assessment, provides its superior value to you in knowing how to ensure the outcome of any efforts in Economic Value are maximized with professional results. Your purchase includes access details to the Economic Value self-assessment dashboard download which gives you your dynamically prioritized projects-ready tool and shows you exactly what to do next. Your exclusive instant access details can be found in your book. You will receive the following contents with New and Updated specific criteria: - The latest quick edition of the book in PDF - The latest complete edition of the book in PDF, which criteria correspond to the criteria in... - The Self-Assessment Excel Dashboard - Example pre-filled Self-Assessment Excel Dashboard to get familiar with results generation - In-depth and specific Economic Value Checklists - Project management checklists and templates to assist with implementation INCLUDES LIFETIME SELF ASSESSMENT UPDATES Every self assessment comes with Lifetime Updates and Lifetime Free Updated Books. Lifetime Updates is an industry-first feature which allows you to receive verified self assessment updates, ensuring you always have the most accurate information at your fingertips.

You will receive the following contents with New and Updated specific criteria: - The latest quick edition of the book in PDF - The latest complete edition of the book in PDF, which criteria correspond to the criteria in.

Changes in the Economic Value of Variable Generation at High Penetration Levels

A Pilot Case Study of California

We estimate the long-run economic value of variable renewable generation with increasing penetration using a unique investment and dispatch model that captures long-run investment decisions while also incorporating detailed operational constraints and hourly time resolution over a full year. High time resolution and the incorporation of operational constraints are important for estimating the economic value of variable generation, as is the use of a modeling framework that accommodates new investment decisions. The model is herein applied with a case study that is loosely based on California in 2030. Increasing amounts of wind, photovoltaics (PV), and concentrating solar power (CSP) with and without thermal energy storage (TES) are added one at a time. The marginal economic value of these renewable energy sources is estimated and then decomposed into capacity value, energy value, day-ahead forecast error cost, and ancillary services. The marginal economic value, as defined here, is primarily based on the combination of avoided capital investment cost and avoided variable fuel and operations and maintenance costs from other power plants in the power system. Though the model only captures a subset of the benefits and costs of renewable energy, it nonetheless provides unique insights into how the value of that subset changes with technology and penetration level. Specifically, in this case study implementation of the model, the marginal economic value of all three solar options is found to exceed the value of a flat-block of power (as well as wind energy) by \$20--30/MWh at low penetration levels, largely due to the high capacity value of solar at low penetration. Because the value of CSP per unit of energy is found to be high with or without thermal energy storage at low penetration, we find little apparent incremental value to thermal storage at low solar penetration in the present case study analysis. The marginal economic value of PV and CSP without thermal storage is found to drop considerably (by more than \$70/MWh) as the penetration of solar increases toward 30\percent on an energy basis. This is due primarily to a steep drop in capacity value followed by a decrease in energy value. In contrast, the value of CSP with thermal storage drops much less dramatically as penetration increases. As a result, at solar penetration levels above 10\percent, CSP with thermal storage is found to be considerably more valuable relative to PV and CSP without thermal storage. The marginal economic value of wind is found to be largely driven by energy value, and is lower than solar at low penetration. The marginal economic value of wind drops at a relatively slower rate with penetration, however. As a result, at high penetration, the value of wind can exceed the value of PV and CSP without thermal storage. Though some of these findings may be somewhat unique to the specific case study presented here, the results: (1) highlight the importance of an analysis framework that addresses long-term investment decisions as well as short-term dispatch and operational constraints, (2) can help inform long-term decisions about renewable energy procurement and supporting infrastructure, and (3) point to areas where further research is warranted.

This is due primarily to a steep drop in capacity value followed by a decrease in energy value. In contrast, the value of CSP with thermal storage drops much less dramatically as penetration increases.